1. 目录规划 2. MySQL 5.7 下载 3. 新建用户及目录 4. 新建目录 5. 配置环境变量 6. 建立配置文件 7. 依赖包检查 8. 卸载以前版本 9. 解压文件 9.1 解压安装文件 9.2 配置服务文件 10. 初始化数据库 11. 启动数据库 12. 连接数据库
从今天开始MySQL相关方面的东西
今天是关于MySQL的安装
系统为 redhat 6.10
数据库为MySQL 5.7.21
PS:目前最新版本为MySQL 5.7.25
1. 目录规划
| 目录名称 | 参数名称 | 路径地址 |
|---|---|---|
| 安装目录 | basedir | /usr/local/mysql |
| 数据文件目录 | datadir | /data/mysql/data |
| 临时文件目录 | tmpdir | /data/mysql/tmp |
| socket文件目录 | socket | /data/mysql/data/mysql.sock |
| bin日志文件目录 | log_bin | /datalog/mysql/binlog |
| relay日志文件目录 | relay_log | /datalog/mysql/relaylog |
2. MySQL 5.7 下载
目前MySQL 社区的GA 提供5 和8 的下载
由于目前大多数系统用的还是5的版本
这里统一使用5的版本
注意，下面是按照5.7.21的版本安装，5.25相同
MySQL Community Server 5.7.25
3. 新建用户及目录
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 105 mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 105 -g mysql mysql
echo "mysql123" |passwd mysql --stdin
4. 新建目录
mkdir -p /data/mysql/software mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql mkdir -p /data/mysql/data mkdir -p /datalog/mysql/binlog mkdir -p /datalog/mysql/relaylog chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql mkdir -p /data/mysql/tmp chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /datalog/mysql/
5. 配置环境变量
su - mysql vim ~/.bash_profile export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql export PATH=$HOME/bin:$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH source ~/.bash_profile
6. 建立配置文件
我们这里建立 /etc/my.cnf
[mysql] user = password = [mysqld] #-----------------MySQL Basic Setting-----------------# server-id = 1723161113 port = 3306 user = mysql pid-file = mysql.pid character_set_server = utf8mb4 default_storage_engine = InnoDB skip_name_resolve = 1 lower_case_table_names = 1 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1 open_files_limit = 65535 max_connections = 1000 max_connect_errors = 100000 basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql/data tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp socket = /data/mysql/data/mysql.sock query_cache_type = query_cache_size = join_buffer_size = 64M tmp_table_size = 64M max_allowed_packet = 32M read_buffer_size = 16M read_rnd_buffer_size = 32M sort_buffer_size = 32M #-----------------MySQL Log Setting-----------------# log_error = mysql-error.log log_bin = /datalog/mysql/binlog/mysql-bin.log slow_query_log_file = mysql-slow.log relay_log = /datalog/mysql/relaylog/mysql-relay.log log_slave_updates = 1 sync_binlog = 1 relay_log_recovery = 1 binlog_format = row expire_logs_days = 14 slow_query_log = 1 long_query_time = 2 log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1 log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 10 log_slow_admin_statements = 1 log_slow_slave_statements = 1 min_examined_row_limit = 1000 #-----------------MySQL Replication Setting-----------------# slave_skip_errors = ddl_exist_errors master_info_repository = TABLE relay_log_info_repository = TABLE gtid_mode = on enforce_gtid_consistency = 1 binlog_rows_query_log_events = 1 #-----------------MySQL InnoDB Setting-----------------# innodb_page_size = 16384 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 25600M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8 innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 5 innodb_io_capacity = 800 innodb_io_capacity_max = 2000 innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT innodb_file_format = Barracuda innodb_file_format_max = Barracuda innodb_undo_logs = 128 innodb_undo_tablespaces = 3 innodb_flush_neighbors = 1 innodb_log_file_size = 2G innodb_log_buffer_size = 16777216 innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1 innodb_strict_mode = 1 innodb_sort_buffer_size = 67108864 #-----------------MySQL semi Replication Setting-----------------# #plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin #plugin_load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so" #loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1 #loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1 #loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000
修改my.cnf权限
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
7. 依赖包检查
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 lvm2-2.02.143-7.el6_8.1.x86_64
8. 卸载以前版本
如果有以前版本的MySQL ，则需要先下载
如只有lib库则可以不用动
RedHat Enterprise Linux 6适用】
# rpm -qa|grep -i mysql mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 qt-mysql-4.6.2-26.el6_4.x86_64 mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 #yum remove mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 qt-mysql-4.6.2-26.el6_4.x86_64 mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
【RedHat Enterprise Linux 7适用】
# rpm -qa|grep -i mariadb* mariadb-server-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 mariadb-embedded-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 mariadb-test-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 mariadb-bench-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 mariadb-devel-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 mariadb-embedded-devel-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 # yum remove -y mariadb*
9. 解压文件
9.1 解压安装文件
su - mysql tar xzvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/mysql/ --strip-components=1
9.2 配置服务文件
这里将mysql.server文件拷贝值init.d目录使其可以当作服务启停
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
这里修改下面几处
vim /etc/init.d/mysqld basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/data/mysql/data lockdir='/data/mysql/data' mysqld_pid_file_path=/data/mysql/data/mysql.pid
10. 初始化数据库
接下来我们初始化MySQL
# su - mysql $cd /usr/local/mysql $/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql
初始化过程中可以通过error文件查看进度
tail -f /data/mysql/data/mysql-error.log
11. 启动数据库
$ /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql & $ netstat -lntp|grep mysqld
后续可以使用如下命令启停数据库
service mysqld stop
service mysqld start
service mysqld restart
设置MySQL自启动
chkconfig mysqld on
12. 连接数据库
默认密码在error文件中有
cat /data/mysql/data/mysql-error.log |grep password
使用如下命令连接
mysql -S /data/mysql/data/mysql.sock -uroot -ppassword
连接后的安全性设置参见MySQL常见命令
MySQL 5.7 常用命令
好了 MySQL的 Linux 安装就先讲到这里
后续内容尽情期待
