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12c 传统数据库的ADG初体验

来源：这里教程网 时间：2026-03-03 11:43:17 作者：
实验环境
OS：oracle linux 6.6
DB：oracle 12.1.0.1
主库：chicago
备库：boston

主库操作

1. 主库数据库文件、控制文件、日志文件的规划

SYS@chicago >
select name from v$datafile
union
select name from v$controlfile
union
select member from v$logfile
union
select name from v$tempfile
union
select value from v$parameter where name='spfile';

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/control01.ctl
/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/control02.ctl
/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo01.log
/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo02.log
/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo03.log
/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/sysaux01.dbf
/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/system01.dbf
/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/temp01.dbf
/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/undotbs01.dbf
/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.1/db_1/dbs/spfilechicago.ora

11 rows selected.


2. 主库现有3组redo，创建4组standby logfile group

[oracle@snow ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@chicago as sysdba

SYS@chicago > select group#,bytes/1024/1024 from v$log;

GROUP#     BYTES/1024/1024
---------- ---------------
1          50
2          50
3          50


SYS@chicago >
alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo04.log') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo05.log') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo06.log') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo07.log') size 50m;

3. 主库设置foece logging 

SYS@chicago > alter database force logging;

SYS@chicago > shutdown immediate

4. 主库创建pfile

SYS@chicago > create pfile from spfile;
Segmentation fault (core dumped)   <== 没见过这个报错，重登录

[oracle@snow ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Tue Apr 21 13:03:43 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS@chicago > create pfile from spfile;

File created.

SYS@chicago > exit

5. 向主库的pfile添加内容

[oracle@snow ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@snow dbs]$ vi initchicago.ora
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/chicago/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='12.1.0.0.0'
#DB_NAME=PROD1
#CONTROL_FILES='/arch1/PROD1/control1.ctl', '/arch2/PROD1/control2.ctl'
#LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30
*.control_files='/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/control01.ctl','/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='chicago'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=chicagoXDB)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/arch'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.memory_target=1440m
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=300
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

#for ADG
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=chicago
LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(chicago,boston)'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=
'LOCATION=/home/oracle/arch
VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=chicago'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=
'SERVICE=boston ASYNC
VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=boston'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc

FAL_SERVER=boston
FAL_CLIENT=chicago
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='boston','chicago'
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='boston','chicago'
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

6. 复制主库的pfile文件，修改为备库的pfile

[oracle@snow dbs]$ cp initchicago.ora initboston.ora
[oracle@snow dbs]$ vi initboston.ora

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/boston/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='12.1.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/control01.ctl','/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='chicago'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=chicagoXDB)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/arch'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.memory_target=1440m
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=300
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

#for ADG
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=boston
LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(boston,chicago)'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=
'LOCATION=/home/oracle/arch
VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=boston'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=
'SERVICE=boston ASYNC
VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=chicago'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc

FAL_SERVER=chicago
FAL_CLIENT=boston
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='chicago','boston'
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='chicago','boston'
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

7. 将备库的pfile文件scp到备库的/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/dbs

[oracle@snow dbs]$ scp initboston.ora boston:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/dbs
oracle@boston's password:
initboston.ora 100% 1141 1.1KB/s 00:00

8. 复制主库的密码文件，修改为备库的密码文件并scp到备库的/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/dbs

[oracle@snow dbs]$ cp orapwchicago orapwboston
[oracle@snow dbs]$ scp orapwboston boston:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/dbs
oracle@boston's password:
orapwboston 100% 7680 7.5KB/s 00:00


[oracle@snow dbs]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
[oracle@snow admin]$ vi tnsnames

9. 修改主库的$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

[oracle@snow admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora

chicago=
 (DESCRIPTION =
 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.228.12)(PORT = 1521))
 (CONNECT_DATA =
 (SERVER = DEDICATED)
 (SERVICE_NAME = chicago)
 )
 )

boston=
 (DESCRIPTION =
 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.228.13)(PORT = 1521))
 (CONNECT_DATA =
 (SERVER = DEDICATED)
 (SERVICE_NAME = boston)
 )
 )


备库操作
10. 创建备库所需目录

[oracle@boston ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=boston

[oracle@boston ~]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/boston/adump
[oracle@boston ~]$ mkdir -p dbfile/boston

11. 为备库创建静态监听，此步骤可以使用netmgr

[oracle@boston ~]$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
 (SID_LIST =
 (SID_DESC =
 (GLOBAL_DBNAME = boston)
 (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1)
 (SID_NAME = boston)
 )
 )

LISTENER =
 (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
 (DESCRIPTION =
 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = boston)(PORT = 1521))
 )
 (DESCRIPTION =
 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
 )
 )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

12. 修改备库tnsnames.ora

[oracle@boston ~]$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

BOSTON =
 (DESCRIPTION =
 (ADDRESS_LIST =
 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.228.13)(PORT = 1521))
 )
 (CONNECT_DATA =
 (SERVICE_NAME = boston)
 )
 )

13. 备库reload监听器

[oracle@boston ~]$ lsnrctl
LSNRCTL> reload


主库操作

14. 主库从修改后的pfile创建spfile，启动实例。此时关于ADG的配置信息将随之实例的启动生效。

[oracle@snow ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@chicago as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Tue Apr 21 14:25:31 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS@chicago > create spfile from pfile;

File created.

SYS@chicago > startup



备库操作
15. 备库从修改后的pfile创建spfile，启动实例到nomount状态。

[oracle@boston dbs]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@boston as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Wed May 6 13:03:06 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS@boston > create spfile from pfile;

File created.

SYS@boston > startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 459304960 bytes
Fixed Size 2289544 bytes
Variable Size 381681784 bytes
Database Buffers 71303168 bytes
Redo Buffers 4030464 bytes
SYS@boston > exit

16. 使用rman duplicate来在线复制主库。rman部分输出比较多，命名语句使用高亮表标示，其它字体为屏幕输出。

[oracle@boston ~]$ rman target sys/oracle@chicago auxiliary sys/oracle@boston

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 6 13:05:12 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: CHICAGO (DBID=1487327917)
connected to auxiliary database: CHICAGO (not mounted)

RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database dorecover nofilenamecheck;

Starting Duplicate Db at 06-MAY-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=21 device type=DISK
current log archived

contents of Memory Script:
{
backup as copy reuse
targetfile '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.1/db_1/dbs/orapwchicago' auxiliary format
'/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/dbs/orapwboston' ;
}
executing Memory Script

Starting backup at 06-MAY-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
Finished backup at 06-MAY-15

contents of Memory Script:
{
restore clone from service 'chicago' standby controlfile;
}
executing Memory Script

Starting restore at 06-MAY-15
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/control01.ctl
output file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 06-MAY-15

contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone 'alter database mount standby database';
}
executing Memory Script

sql statement: alter database mount standby database

contents of Memory Script:
{
set newname for tempfile 1 to
"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/temp01.dbf";
switch clone tempfile all;
set newname for datafile 1 to
"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 3 to
"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 4 to
"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/undotbs01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 6 to
"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/users01.dbf";
restore
from service 'chicago' clone database
;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
}
executing Memory Script

executing command: SET NEWNAME

renamed tempfile 1 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/temp01.dbf in control file

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

Starting restore at 06-MAY-15
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/system01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/users01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 06-MAY-15

sql statement: alter system archive log current
current log archived

contents of Memory Script:
{
restore clone force from service 'chicago'
archivelog from scn 1864000;
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script

Starting restore at 06-MAY-15
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=11
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=12
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=13
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 06-MAY-15

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=878994450 file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/system01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=878994450 file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=878994450 file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 6 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=878994450 file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/users01.dbf

contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 1864100;
recover
standby
clone database
delete archivelog
;
}
executing Memory Script

executing command: SET until clause

Starting recover at 06-MAY-15
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/arch/1_11_877609198.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 12 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/arch/1_12_877609198.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 13 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/arch/1_13_877609198.arc
archived log file name=/home/oracle/arch/1_11_877609198.arc thread=1 sequence=11
archived log file name=/home/oracle/arch/1_12_877609198.arc thread=1 sequence=12
archived log file name=/home/oracle/arch/1_13_877609198.arc thread=1 sequence=13
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 06-MAY-15
Finished Duplicate Db at 06-MAY-15

17. duplicate结束后数据被启动到mount状态

[oracle@boston ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Wed May 6 13:08:43 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SYS@boston > select open_mode,database_role from v$database;

OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE
-------------------- ----------------
MOUNTED              PHYSICAL STANDBY


18. 将数据库启动到read only

SYS@boston > ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

Database altered.

SYS@boston > select open_mode,database_role from v$database;

OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE
-------------------- ----------------
READ ONLY            PHYSICAL STANDBY


19. 开启redo apply，达到ADG的状态

SYS@boston > ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING ARCHIVED LOGFILE DISCONNECT;

Database altered.

SYS@boston > select open_mode,database_role from v$database;

OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE
-------------------- ----------------
READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY


20. 查看备库复制后的文件规划
SYS@boston >
select name from v$datafile
union
select name from v$controlfile
union
select member from v$logfile
union
select name from v$tempfile
union
select value from v$parameter where name='spfile';

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/control01.ctl
/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/control02.ctl
/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/redo01.log
/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/redo02.log
/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/redo03.log
/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/redo04.log
/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/redo05.log
/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/redo06.log
/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/redo07.log
/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/sysaux01.dbf
/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/system01.dbf

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/temp01.dbf
/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/undotbs01.dbf
/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/dbs/spfileboston.ora

15 rows selected.

全文完

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