Vmware linux redhat6.4 安装11g(11.2.0.1) 双节点RAC

来源：这里教程网时间：2026-03-03 13:30:56 作者：

Vmware linux redhat6.4 安装 11g 双节点 RAC

IP地址规划：

192.168.0.180 rac01

10.10.0.180 rac01-priv

192.168.0.181 rac01-vip

------------------------------------

192.168.0.190 rac02

10.10.0.180 rac02-priv

192.168.0.191 rac02-vip

--------------------------------------

192.168.0.200 rac.scan-ip

安装redhat 环境,需要注意的是安装11g rac的时候需要：

在引导界面的最后选择Customize now 选项base system 选择------iscsi storage client

选项Desktop 选择 Desktop和KDE Desktop

选项Servers 选择 system administration tools oracle-rdbms*

选项Languages 选择 Chinese Support

系统安装完成以后，个人喜欢安装个vmware tools，这样可以复制粘贴外面的文件。

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操作系统配置yum源： [oracle]name=oraclebaseurl=file:///mediagpgcheck=0enabled=1

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建立共享存储，在window系统上使用cmd命令打开DOS命令执行界面，（路径根据实际情况做修改）

执行以下命令，建立共享磁盘：

cd C:\Program Files (x86)\VMware\VMware Workstation\

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 30G -a lsilogic -t 2 E:\Sharedisk\ocr.vmdk

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 30G -a lsilogic -t 2 E:\Sharedisk\votingdisk.vmdk

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 40G -a lsilogic -t 2 E:\Sharedisk\data.vmdk

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 100G -a lsilogic -t 2 D:\12c\Sharedisk\data1.vmdk

1.修改selinux，关闭防火墙（分别在节点一，节点二上执行）。

[root@rac1 ~]# setenforce 0

setenforce: SELinux is disabled

[root@rac1 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux

SELINUX=disabled

[root@rac1 ~]# service iptables stop

[root@rac1 ~]# chkconfig iptables off

然后在节点而上执行。

2.配置yum源，安装所需要的软件（分别在节点一，节点二上执行）。

可以用

yum install -y binutils*

yum install -y compat-libcap1*

yum install -y compat-libstdc*

yum install -y gcc*

yum install -y glibc*

yum install -y ksh*

yum install -y libiao*

yum install -y compat*

yum install -y elfutils*

yum install -y libgcc*

yum install -y libstdc*

yum install -y unix*

yum install -y pdksh*

yum install -y libgcc*

yum install -y libstdc++*

yum install -y libXi*

yum install -y libXtst*

yum install -y make*

yum install -y sysstat*

yum install -y unixODBC.x86_64 0:2.2.14-12.el6_3

yum install -y nscd

也可以用

yum install -y binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)

yum install -y compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)

yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)

yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (i686)

yum install -y gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

yum install -y gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

yum install -y glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)

yum install -y glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)

yum install -y glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)

yum install -y glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)

yum install -y ksh

yum install -y libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)

yum install -y libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

yum install -y libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

yum install -y libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)

yum install -y libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

yum install -y libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)

yum install -y libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)

yum install -y libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)

yum install -y libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)

yum install -y libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)

yum install -y libXext-1.1 (x86_64)

yum install -y libXext-1.1 (i686)

yum install -y libXtst-1.0.99.2 (x86_64)

yum install -y libXtst-1.0.99.2 (i686)

yum install -y libX11-1.3 (x86_64)

yum install -y libX11-1.3 (i686)

yum install -y libXau-1.0.5 (x86_64)

yum install -y libXau-1.0.5 (i686)

yum install -y libxcb-1.5 (x86_64)

yum install -y libxcb-1.5 (i686)

yum install -y libXi-1.3 (x86_64)

yum install -y libXi-1.3 (i686)

yum install -y make-3.81-19.el6

yum install -y sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)

yum install -y unixODBC.x86_64 0:2.2.14-12.el6_3

yum install -y nscd

两个任选其一， 3.建立相应用户，组，目录，并修改用户的权限（分别在节点一，节点二上执行）。

groupadd -g 1006 oinstall

groupadd -g 1001 dba

groupadd -g 1002 oper

groupadd -g 1003 asmadmin

groupadd -g 1004 asmdba

groupadd -g 1005 asmoper

useradd -u 1001 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba,oper -d /home/grid -m grid

useradd -u 1002 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba,oper -d /home/oracle -m oracle

echo oracle | passwd --stdin root

echo oracle | passwd --stdin oracle

echo oracle | passwd --stdin grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1

chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1

mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

chown grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory

mkdir -p /u01/app/11.1.0/grid

chown grid:oinstall /u01/app/11.1.0/grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid

chown grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid

内核参数设置（分别在两个节点执行）：

[root@rac1 ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

kernel.msgmax = 65536

kernel.shmmax = 68719476736

kernel.shmall = 4294967296

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144

net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304

5.配置oracle、grid用户的shell限制（分别在节点一，节点二上执行）

[root@rac1 ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

grid soft nproc 2047

grid hard nproc 16384

grid soft nofile 1024

grid hard nofile 65536

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

6.配置grid，oracle用户的环境变量（分别在节点一，节点二上执行）

grid用户的环境变量:

rac01

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 # RAC1

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.1.0/grid

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

umask 022

-----------------------------------------------

rac01

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2 # RAC1

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.1.0/grid

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

umask 022

oracle用户的环境变量（分别在节点一，节点二上执行）

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_SID=orcl1 # RAC1

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1

export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

rac2:

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_SID=orcl2 # RAC1

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1

export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

7.关闭两个节点，配置共享存储。

在两个节点的安装目录分别找到以 .vmx 结尾的文件，分别在文件中添加：

disk.EnableUUID="TRUE"

disk.locking = "FALSE"

scsi1.shared = "TRUE"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCachePageSize= "4096"

diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"

scsi1.present = "TRUE"

scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"

scsil.sharedBus = "VIRTUAL"

scsi1:0.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:0.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:0.fileName = "E:\Sharedisk\ocr.vmdk"

scsi1:0.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:0.redo = ""

scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:1.fileName = "E:\Sharedisk\votingdisk.vmdk"

scsi1:1.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:1.redo = ""

scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:2.fileName = "E:\Sharedisk\data.vmdk"

scsi1:2.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:2.redo = ""

scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:3.fileName = "D:\12c\Sharedisk\data1.vmdk"

scsi1:3.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:3.redo = ""

添加完成以后启动两个节点。

这是我启动完成的结果

[root@rac01 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00058437

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2 64 13055 104344576 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdc: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdd: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sde: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rac01-lv_root: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rac01-lv_swap: 4194 MB, 4194304000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 509 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rac01-lv_home: 49.0 GB, 48964304896 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5952 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

使用fdisk /dev/sdb分区

[root@rac01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x3d1d4623.

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

Partition number (1-4):

Value out of range.

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-3916, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-3916, default 3916):

Using default value 3916

Command (m for help):

Command (m for help): w

依次将/dev/sdc,dev/sdd,/dev/sde分区，分区的结果

[root@rac01 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00058437

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2 64 13055 104344576 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x3d1d4623

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 3916 31455238+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdc: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x3e220d36

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdc1 1 3916 31455238+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdd: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x3a2ab2ba

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdd1 1 5221 41937651 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sde: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x461aed4c

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sde1 1 13054 104856223+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rac01-lv_root: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rac01-lv_swap: 4194 MB, 4194304000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 509 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rac01-lv_home: 49.0 GB, 48964304896 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5952 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@rac01 udev]# for i in b c d e  ;
 do
 echo "KERNEL==\"sd*\", BUS==\"scsi\", PROGRAM==\"/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/\$name\", RESULT==\"`/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i`\", NAME=\"asm-disk$i\", OWNER=\"grid\", GROUP=\"asmadmin\", MODE=\"0660\"" /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
 done 
 
KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="36000c296b5de78f14a17b99b32f9815c", NAME="asm-diskb", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="36000c29d45475586d19351cdaae9eba8", NAME="asm-diskc", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="36000c2902ebe46f2b04da69744504e94", NAME="asm-diskd", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="36000c29dc2029b4e0a8c90f74140bf06", NAME="asm-diske", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

[root@rac01 rules.d]# start_udev

Starting udev:

[root@rac01 rules.d]# ll /dev/asm*

brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 16 Apr 23 12:43 /dev/asm-diskb

brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 32 Apr 23 12:43 /dev/asm-diskc

brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 48 Apr 23 12:43 /dev/asm-diskd

brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 64 Apr 23 12:43 /dev/asm-diske

将节点二一中/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules文件复制节点二/etc/udev/rules.d/下

[root@rac01 rules.d]# scp 99-oracle-asmdevices.rules rac02:/etc/udev/rules.d/

root@rac02's password:

99-oracle-asmdevices.rules 100% 864 0.8KB/s 00:00

[root@rac01 rules.d]#