[20190515]热备份模式与rman冲突.txt

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[20190515]热备份模式与rman冲突.txt --//别人的系统做dg时打开热备份模式，忘记关闭，做rman备份时报错。做一个记录。 --//实际上也怪自己，实施时没有讲清楚。通过例子说明： 1.环境： SCOTT@book> @ ver1 PORT_STRING VERSION BANNER ------------------------------ -------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx 11.2.0.4.0 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production SYS@book> alter database begin backup; Database altered. --//实际上这样做dg，如果数据库不大，对于文件系统的数据库还是很快的，特别目录结构一样的情况。 --//为了避免输入口令，最好先做ssh相互认证。 --//cd /mnt/ramdisk/book --//ls -1 *.dbf| xargs -I{} -P 4 scp {} oracle@192.168.100.40:/mnt/ramdisk/book --//或者 --//scp -r /mnt/ramdisk/book/*.dbf oracle@192.168.100.40:/mnt/ramdisk/book/ 2.主库做rman备份： SYS@book> select * from v$backup; FILE# STATUS CHANGE# TIME ----- ------ ----------- ------------------- 1 ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 2 ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 3 ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 4 ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 5 ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 6 ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 7 ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 8 ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 9 ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 10 ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 11 ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 12 ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 13 ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 13 rows selected. RMAN> backup database format '/home/oracle/backup/book_%U'; Starting backup at 2019-05-21 08:42:53 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=17 device type=DISK RMAN-06554: WARNING: file 1 is in backup mode RMAN-06554: WARNING: file 2 is in backup mode RMAN-06554: WARNING: file 3 is in backup mode RMAN-06554: WARNING: file 4 is in backup mode RMAN-06554: WARNING: file 5 is in backup mode RMAN-06554: WARNING: file 6 is in backup mode RMAN-06554: WARNING: file 7 is in backup mode RMAN-06554: WARNING: file 8 is in backup mode RMAN-06554: WARNING: file 9 is in backup mode RMAN-06554: WARNING: file 10 is in backup mode RMAN-06554: WARNING: file 11 is in backup mode RMAN-06554: WARNING: file 12 is in backup mode RMAN-06554: WARNING: file 13 is in backup mode channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00002 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/sysaux01.dbf input datafile file number=00003 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/undotbs01.dbf input datafile file number=00001 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf input datafile file number=00005 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/example01.dbf input datafile file number=00004 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf input datafile file number=00007 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/undotbs02.dbf input datafile file number=00008 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/undotbs03.dbf input datafile file number=00006 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf input datafile file number=00009 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/T01.dbf input datafile file number=00010 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/T02.dbf input datafile file number=00011 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/T03.dbf input datafile file number=00012 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/T04.dbf input datafile file number=00013 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/T05.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2019-05-21 08:42:53 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2019-05-21 08:43:08 piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/book_2pu2394d_1_1 tag=TAG20190521T084253 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set including current control file in backup set including current SPFILE in backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2019-05-21 08:43:09 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2019-05-21 08:43:11 piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/book_2qu2394s_1_1 tag=TAG20190521T084253 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02 Finished backup at 2019-05-21 08:43:11 --//注:实际上也备份成功了,不过最好不要这样. $ ls -l /home/oracle/backup/book_2pu2394d_1_1 -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2380603392 2019-05-21 08:42:59 /home/oracle/backup/book_2pu2394d_1_1 3.解决很简单，关闭热备份模式就ok了： SYS@book> alter database end backup; Database altered. SYS@book> select * from v$backup; FILE# STATUS CHANGE# TIME ------------ ------------------ ------------ ------------------- 1 NOT ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 2 NOT ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 3 NOT ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 4 NOT ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 5 NOT ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 6 NOT ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 7 NOT ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 8 NOT ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 9 NOT ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 10 NOT ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 11 NOT ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 12 NOT ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 13 NOT ACTIVE 15677701496 2019-05-21 08:40:13 4.另外的问题: --//实际上打开热备份并不是"冻结"文件头,仅仅冻结scn.实际上你如果发alter system checkpoint;还是会更新文件头的. --//并且oracle实际上恢复从这个scn(alter system checkpoint命令的)开始恢复: --//可以参考链接:http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2152909/=>[20180413]热备模式相关问题2.txt SYS@book> alter tablespace users begin backup ; Tablespace altered. SYS@book> SELECT file#, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#, CHECKPOINT_TIME,CREATION_CHANGE# , RESETLOGS_CHANGE#,status, CHECKPOINT_COUNT,fuzzy,name,tablespace_name FROM v$datafile_header where file# in (1,4); FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME CREATION_CHANGE# RESETLOGS_CHANGE# STATUS CHECKPOINT_COUNT FUZ NAME TABLESPACE_NAME ----- ------------------ ------------------- ---------------- ----------------- ------- ---------------- --- ------------------------------ --------------- 1 15677702312 2019-05-21 08:47:46 7 925702 ONLINE 13491 YES /mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf SYSTEM 4 15677702482 2019-05-21 08:50:00 16143 925702 ONLINE 13491 YES /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf USERS --//CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#发生变化. SYS@book> alter system checkpoint ; System altered. SYS@book> SELECT file#, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#, CHECKPOINT_TIME,CREATION_CHANGE# , RESETLOGS_CHANGE#,status, CHECKPOINT_COUNT,fuzzy,name,tablespace_name FROM v$datafile_header where file# in (1,4); FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME CREATION_CHANGE# RESETLOGS_CHANGE# STATUS CHECKPOINT_COUNT FUZ NAME TABLESPACE_NAME ----- ------------------ ------------------- ---------------- ----------------- ------- ---------------- --- ------------------------------ --------------- 1 15677702587 2019-05-21 08:51:37 7 925702 ONLINE 13492 YES /mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf SYSTEM 4 15677702482 2019-05-21 08:50:00 16143 925702 ONLINE 13492 YES /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf USERS --//file#=1的 CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#发生变化,但是file#=4的CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#没有变化.CHECKPOINT_COUNT也是增加的. select 15677702587,trunc(15677702587/power(2,32)) scn_wrap,mod(15677702587,power(2,32)) scn_base from dual 15677702587 SCN_WRAP SCN_BASE SCN_WRAP16 SCN_BASE16 ------------ ------------ ------------ ---------- ---------- 15677702587 3 2792800699 3 a676c1bb select 15677702482,trunc(15677702482/power(2,32)) scn_wrap,mod(15677702482,power(2,32)) scn_base from dual 15677702482 SCN_WRAP SCN_BASE SCN_WRAP16 SCN_BASE16 ------------ ------------ ------------ ---------- ---------- 15677702482 3 2792800594 3 a676c152 BBED> p /d dba 4,1 kcvfh.kcvfhbcp.kcvcpscn struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @152 ub4 kscnbas @152 2792800699 ub2 kscnwrp @156 3 --//发出alter system checkpoint时在热备分模式要更新这里的信息. BBED> p /d dba 4,1 kcvfh.kcvfhckp.kcvcpscn struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @484 ub4 kscnbas @484 2792800594 ub2 kscnwrp @488 3 --//文件头scn SYS@book> alter system checkpoint ; System altered. SYS@book> SELECT file#, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#, CHECKPOINT_TIME,CREATION_CHANGE# , RESETLOGS_CHANGE#,status, CHECKPOINT_COUNT,fuzzy,name,tablespace_name FROM v$datafile_header where file# in (1,4); FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME CREATION_CHANGE# RESETLOGS_CHANGE# STATUS CHECKPOINT_COUNT FUZ NAME TABLESPACE_NAME ----- ------------------ ------------------- ---------------- ----------------- ------- ---------------- --- ------------------------------ --------------- 1 15677703057 2019-05-21 08:58:26 7 925702 ONLINE 13493 YES /mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf SYSTEM 4 15677702482 2019-05-21 08:50:00 16143 925702 ONLINE 13493 YES /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf USERS BBED> p /d dba 4,1 kcvfh.kcvfhbcp.kcvcpscn struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @152 ub4 kscnbas @152 2792801169 ub2 kscnwrp @156 3 BBED> p /d dba 4,1 kcvfh.kcvfhckp.kcvcpscn struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @484 ub4 kscnbas @484 2792800594 ub2 kscnwrp @488 3 select 15677703057,trunc(15677703057/power(2,32)) scn_wrap,mod(15677703057,power(2,32)) scn_base from dual 15677703057 SCN_WRAP SCN_BASE SCN_WRAP16 SCN_BASE16 ------------ ------------ ------------ ---------- ---------- 15677703057 3 2792801169 3 a676c391 --//kcvfh.kcvfhbcp.kcvcpscn的信息发生了变化.这样恢复实际上从2792801169开始恢复需要读取的归档大大减少.

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[20190515]热备份模式与rman冲突.txt

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