一.安装centos系统(此处 以centos7.9为例)
oracle 19.3.0.0
官方指导文件
docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/ladbi/index.html
二.配置本地yum源
http://blog.itpub.net/70004783/viewspace-2789438/
三、 数据库安装准备工作
|
Hostname |
dbserver |
|
版本 |
oracle19c |
|
Oracle_sid |
prod |
|
dbname |
prod |
|
home |
/home/oracle |
|
ORACLE_BASE |
/u01/app/oracle |
|
ORACLE_HOME |
/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1 |
1、安装需要的软件列表,也可以 通过安装数据库软件时的提示再安装。
yum install -y bc yum install -y compat-libcap1* yum install -y compat-libcap* yum install -y binutils yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33 yum install -y elfutils-libelf yum install -y elfutils-libelf-devel yum install -y gcc yum install -y gcc-c++ yum install -y glibc-2.5 yum install -y glibc-common yum install -y glibc-devel yum install -y glibc-headers yum install -y ksh libaio yum install -y libaio-devel yum install -y libgcc yum install -y libstdc++ yum install -y libstdc++-devel yum install -y make yum install -y sysstat yum install -y unixODBC yum install -y unixODBC-devel yum install -y binutils* yum install -y compat-libstdc* yum install -y elfutils-libelf* yum install -y gcc* yum install -y glibc* yum install -y ksh* yum install -y libaio* yum install -y libgcc* yum install -y libstdc* yum install -y make* yum install -y sysstat* yum install -y libXp* yum install -y glibc-kernheaders yum install -y net-tools-*
2、修改主机名,更改hosts文件
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname dbserver
[root@dbserver ~]# vi /etc/hosts [root@dbserver ~]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 10.8.98.150 dbserver [root@dbserver ~]#
3、检查操作系统版本

我此处用的centos7.9符合要求
4、检查系统内存

我此处为8G,满足。
5、检查swap space

此处我系统为8G,swap也是8G,满足。
6、检查磁盘空间, 满足。

7、 禁用SELINUX,关闭防火墙
[root@dbserver ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. # SELINUX= can take one of these three values: # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded. SELINUX=disabled # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values: # targeted - Targeted processes are protected, # minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. # mls - Multi Level Security protection. SELINUXTYPE=targeted
[root@dbserver ~]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@dbserver ~]# systemctl disable firewalld Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service. Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
8、修改LINUX的内核文件
厂家推荐参数
所以配置如下
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf #ORACLE SETTING fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmmax = 7730941133 kernel.shmall = 1887437 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 #kernel.shmmax = 7730941133 (8*1024*1024*1024*90%=7,730,941,132.8) #(oracle推荐物理内存50%,物理内存大于SGA,小于物理内存,可选:50%-100%,我一般设置为90%物理内存) #kernel.shmall = 1887437 (物理内存8*1024*1024*1024*90%/4K=1887436.8) #getconf PAGESIZE 可以查看系统默认内存页大小
最主要是以下2个参数的设置,可以参考 https://blog.csdn.net/cuichou8903/article/details/100395322
5.添加下列参数到/etc/security/limits.conf

[root@dbserver ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf 添加以下 #oracle setting add oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 32768 oracle hard memlock 7549747 oracle soft memlock 7549747
oracle hard memlock 7549747 (8*1024*1024*90%=7,549,747.2)单位是kb
6、修改/etc/pam.d/login文件
[root@dbserver ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login 添加以下 #oracle setting add session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so session required pam_limits.so
7、环境变量中添加下列语句
[root@dbserver ~]# vim /etc/profile 添加以下 #oracle setting add if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi
[root@dbserver ~]# source /etc/profile
8、创建文件目录和相应的用户
groupadd oinstall groupadd dba groupadd oper useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle mkdir -p /u01/oraInventory chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01 chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1 chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/
修改oracle用户密码 [root@dbserver ~]# passwd oracle
9、配置ORACLE用户的环境变量
[oracle@dbserver ~]$ vi .bash_profile 添加以下 #oracle setting add export EDITOR=vi export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export ORACLE_SID=prod export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19c/db_1 export INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/oraInventory export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8" export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS" export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin umask 022
[oracle@dbserver ~]$ source .bash_profile
10、 上传oracle文件到/home/oracle 目录,注意权限问题,都给oracle用户权限
19C需要将压缩包里的内容解压到$ORACLE_HOME目录下,我们为了方便直接将安装包拷贝到$ORACLE_HOME目录解压即可。
[oracle@dbserver ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME [oracle@dbserver db_1]$ ls [oracle@dbserver db_1]$ pwd /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1 [oracle@dbserver db_1]$ ll total 2987996 -rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 3059705302 Sep 1 16:59 LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip [oracle@dbserver db_1]$
解压
[oracle@dbserver db_1]$ unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip
重启以下系统
11、root安装vnc,oracle启动vnc
切换到root安装vnc,通过vnc安装oracle [root@dbserver ~]# yum install *vnc* 切换到oracle 启动vnc [oracle@dbserver ~]$ vncserver You will require a password to access your desktops. Password: Verify: Would you like to enter a view-only password (y/n)? n A view-only password is not used New 'dbserver:1 (oracle)' desktop is dbserver:1 Creating default startup script /home/oracle/.vnc/xstartup Creating default config /home/oracle/.vnc/config Starting applications specified in /home/oracle/.vnc/xstartup Log file is /home/oracle/.vnc/dbserver:1.log [oracle@dbserver ~]$
12、oracle用户通过vnc客户端连接图形界面,进入相应目录,准备开始安装数据库

四、仅安装数据库软件
一步一步如下图所示


然后netca创建监听(略)
最后dbca创建数据库 (略)
七、登陆数据库查看是否正常
SQL> select name from v$datafile; NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/pdbseed/system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/users01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/pdb1/system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/pdb1/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/pdb1/users01.dbf 11 rows selected. SQL>
