> 作者：threedayman > > 来源：[恒生LIGHT云社区](https://developer.hs.net/thread/1748) ## **背景** 项目默认需要使用ZHS16GBK，当使用UTF8进行编码时，会出现插入数据超过字段长度限制问题。 原因：gbk编码中文字符占用两个字节，utf8编码中文字符时占用三个字节。 为了使初始化脚本能够正常运行，需要将数据库UTF8的编码改成ZHS16GBK编码**。** ## **修改步骤** 通过以下命令连接到数据库 ``` bash-4.2$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Dec 9 19:17:39 2021 Version 19.3.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Version 19.3.0.0.0 ``` 查看当前使用的字符编码 ``` SQL> select userenv('language') from dual; USERENV('LANGUAGE') ---------------------------------------------------- AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8 ``` 关闭数据库 ``` SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. ``` 启动 ``` SQL> startup mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 2.0267E+10 bytes Fixed Size 12684864 bytes Variable Size 3355443200 bytes Database Buffers 1.6844E+10 bytes Redo Buffers 54423552 bytes Database mounted. ``` 修改 ``` SQL> alter system enable restricted session; System altered. SQL> alter system set job_queue_processes=0; System altered. SQL> alter system set aq_tm_processes=0; System altered. SQL> alter database open; Database altered. ``` 当运行修改字符集的命令时,出现错误提示，新的字符集需要时原先字符集的超集。 ``` SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK; ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK * ERROR at line 1: ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set ``` 跳过超集检查设置字符集 ``` SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK; Database altered. ``` 关闭重启 ``` SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 2.0267E+10 bytes Fixed Size 12684864 bytes Variable Size 3355443200 bytes Database Buffers 1.6844E+10 bytes Redo Buffers 54423552 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> select userenv('language') from dual; USERENV('LANGUAGE') ---------------------------------------------------- AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK ``` 通过查看当前字符集已经修改为ZHS16GBK。 注：生产环境字符集不要随意进行修改，以免造成不可挽回的损失。 *** 想向技术大佬们多多取经？开发中遇到的问题何处探讨？如何获取金融科技海量资源？ [恒生LIGHT云社区](https://developer.hs.net/)，由恒生电子搭建的金融科技专业社区平台，分享实用技术干货、资源数据、金融科技行业趋势，拥抱所有金融开发者。 扫描下方小程序二维码，加入我们！