[20221012]TNS-12543 TNSdestination host unreachable.txt

[20221012]TNS-12543 TNSdestination host unreachable.txt --//今天尝试本机连接测试库,出现如下问题.sqlplus报ORA-12543: TNS:destination host unreachable错误. R:\>tnsping 78 TNS Ping Utility for 64-bit Windows: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 12-OCT-2022 09:37:50 Copyright (c) 1997, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved. Used parameter files: E:\app\oracle\product\12.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\sqlnet.ora Used EZCONNECT adapter to resolve the alias Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION=(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=))(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=0.0.0.78)(PORT=1521))) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ TNS-12543: TNS:destination host unreachable R:\>tnsping 192.168.100.78 TNS Ping Utility for 64-bit Windows: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 12-OCT-2022 09:38:12 Copyright (c) 1997, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved. Used parameter files: E:\app\oracle\product\12.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\sqlnet.ora Used EZCONNECT adapter to resolve the alias Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION=(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=))(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.100.78)(PORT=1521))) OK (20 msec) --//如果我使用78时,oracle把它当作IP地址,变成了0.0.0.78.我检查tnsnames.ora文件,发现存在定义. 78 =   (DESCRIPTION =     (ADDRESS_LIST =       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.100.78)(PORT = 1521))     )     (SDU = 32768)     (CONNECT_DATA =       (SERVER = DEDICATED)       (SERVICE_NAME = book)     )   ) --//尝试另外的tnsnames别名78x. R:\>tnsping 78x TNS Ping Utility for 64-bit Windows: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 12-OCT-2022 09:43:17 Copyright (c) 1997, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved. Used parameter files: E:\app\oracle\product\12.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\sqlnet.ora Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.100.78)(PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = book) (UR = A))) OK (20 msec) --//使用78x连接正常,仅仅有点慢. --//问题在于我以前使用sqlplus连接是正常的,不会报错.而现在报错. R:\>sqlplus -s -l scott/book@78 ERROR: ORA-12543: TNS:destination host unreachable SP2-0751: Unable to connect to Oracle.  Exiting SQL*Plus --//使用Net Manager打开tnsnames.ora文件正常,说明文件没有问题. --//进入E:\app\oracle\product\12.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin目录观察,发现 E:\app\oracle\product\12.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin>dir  驱动器 E 中的卷是 app  卷的序列号是 DACE-DD40  E:\app\oracle\product\12.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin 的目录 2022/10/12  09:43    <DIR>          . 2022/10/12  09:43    <DIR>          .. 2020/03/11  17:30               733 listener.ora 2018/11/05  09:10    <DIR>          sample 2022/09/02  09:43               571 sqlnet.ora 2020/03/11  17:30            19,311 tnsnames - 副本.ora 2021/05/19  10:36            19,788 tnsnames.ora                4 个文件         40,403 字节                3 个目录 36,502,573,056 可用字节 --//sqlnet.ora 2022/9/2修改过. R:\>cat e:sqlnet.ora # sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\oracle\product\12.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS) NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (EZCONNECT,TNSNAMES,HOSTNAME) #SECURE_REGISTER_LISTENER= (TCP) #USE_DEDICATED_SERVER=on #NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (HOSTNAME) SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=10 SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=10 #SEC_USER_UNAUTHORIZED_ACCESS_BANNER #DEFAULT_SDU_SIZE=65535 #SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_CLIENT = rejected #SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_TYPES_CLIENT =3des168 --//好像也没有怎么问题.难道我以前从来没有遇到过呢.改名sqlnet.ora为sqlnet.orax. d:\notes>tnsping 78 TNS Ping Utility for 64-bit Windows: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 12-OCT-2022 10:04:32 Copyright (c) 1997, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved. Used parameter files: Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.100.78)(PORT = 1521))) (SDU = 32768) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = book))) OK (20 msec) --//说明sqlnet.ora文件修改存在问题.我重新使用Net Manager配置,文件保存后内容如下: # sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\oracle\product\12.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\sqlnet.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. #SECURE_REGISTER_LISTENER= (TCP) #USE_DEDICATED_SERVER=on #NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (HOSTNAME) #SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=10 #SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=10 #SEC_USER_UNAUTHORIZED_ACCESS_BANNER #DEFAULT_SDU_SIZE=65535 #SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_CLIENT = rejected #SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_TYPES_CLIENT =3des168 SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS) NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (EZCONNECT, TNSNAMES, HOSTNAME) DIAG_ADR_ENABLED = OFF --//问题依旧.我把NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH顺序修改如下: NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, HOSTNAME, EZCONNECT) --//问题消失,这样优先选择TNSNAMES.实际上问题在于EZCONNECT写在前面相当于把78当作IP地址. --//实际上我还发现如果修改如下 NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (EZCONNECT , TNSNAMES, HOSTNAME) --//注意EZCONNECT与逗号(,)之间存在空格.就可以通过.实际上这样EZCONNECT ,这样写错误的,oracle给配置埋了一个坑. --//所以不建议维护时手工修改该文件,要注意一些细节. --//我最终修改如下: # sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\oracle\product\12.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\sqlnet.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. #SECURE_REGISTER_LISTENER= (TCP) #USE_DEDICATED_SERVER=on #NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (HOSTNAME) SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=10 SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=10 #SEC_USER_UNAUTHORIZED_ACCESS_BANNER #DEFAULT_SDU_SIZE=65535 #SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_CLIENT = rejected #SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_TYPES_CLIENT =3des168 SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS) NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, HOSTNAME, EZCONNECT) #NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (EZCONNECT, TNSNAMES, HOSTNAME) DIAG_ADR_ENABLED = OFF --//如果你遇到上面的情况如何解决呢?很简单,你可以尝试在后面加入一个点(.),看看是否可以通过.测试如下: --//设置NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (EZCONNECT, TNSNAMES, HOSTNAME)的情况下: R:\>sqlplus -s -l scott/book@78 @ ver1 ERROR: ORA-12543: TNS:destination host unreachable SP2-0751: Unable to connect to Oracle.  Exiting SQL*Plus R:\>sqlplus -s -l scott/book@78. @ ver1 PORT_STRING                    VERSION        BANNER ------------------------------ -------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx            11.2.0.4.0     Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production quit --//最后还是建议还是EZCONNECT放在后面,不然连接确实有点慢.