[20230320]oracle各种name参数.txt

来源：这里教程网时间：2026-03-03 18:30:24 作者：

[20230320]oracle各种name参数.txt --//如果讲oracle的各种name参数,很容易混乱,特别对于初学者.通过一个简单例子概括总结一下. --//主要集中在DB_NAME, DB_UNIQUE_NAME, SERVICE_NAMES, INSTANCE_NAME参数. --//首先oracle数据库一旦建立好,db_name就固定下来,不可以更改该参数,除非使用nid程序更改. --//另外DB_UNIQUE_NAME用来标识主备库. --//对于单机数据库建立前指定参数ORACLE_SID参数,这样建立数据库db_name=$ORACLE_SID. --//实际上的情况可以不同,oracle实例是内存的结构,数据库实体(db_name)可以装入不同的实例. --//通过一些例子演示,测试在单机数据库上进行. 0.建立查询参数脚本: $ cat pp.txt column DESCRIPTION format a50 column name format a20 column value format a30 select name,value,DESCRIPTION from v$parameter where name in ('db_name','db_unique_name','service_names','instance_name'); --//先看看缺省不设置的情况. $ echo $ORACLE_SID book SYS@book> @pp.txt NAME VALUE DESCRIPTION ------------- ----- ------------------------------------------ instance_name book instance name supported by the instance service_names book service names supported by the instance db_name book database name specified in CREATE DATABASE db_unique_nam book Database Unique Name -//与db_name完全一致. 1.建立参数文件: $ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/dbs $ export ORACLE_SID=xxxx $ cat initxxxx.ora sga_target=1G sga_max_size=1G shared_pool_size=600M pre_page_sga=false *.control_files='/mnt/ramdisk/book/control01.ctl','/mnt/ramdisk/book/control02.ctl'#Restore Controlfile *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0' db_name=book --//仅仅指定db_name.启动数据库.注意第一次启动有点慢是正常的. SYS@xxxx> @ pp.txt NAME VALUE DESCRIPTION -------------- ----- ------------------------------------------ instance_name xxxx instance name supported by the instance service_names book service names supported by the instance db_name book database name specified in CREATE DATABASE db_unique_name book Database Unique Name --//可以发现instance_name=xxxx,等于ORACLE_SID参数.其他还是book。 2.修改DB_UNIQUE_NAME: $ cat initxxxx.ora sga_target=1G sga_max_size=1G shared_pool_size=600M pre_page_sga=false *.control_files='/mnt/ramdisk/book/control01.ctl','/mnt/ramdisk/book/control02.ctl'#Restore Controlfile *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0' db_name=book DB_UNIQUE_NAME=yyyy --//DB_UNIQUE_NAME=yyyy,启动数据库. SYS@xxxx> @ pp.txt NAME VALUE DESCRIPTION -------------- ----- ------------------------------------------ instance_name xxxx instance name supported by the instance service_names yyyy service names supported by the instance db_name book database name specified in CREATE DATABASE db_unique_name yyyy Database Unique Name --//DB_UNIQUE_NAME=yyyy,这样缺省service_names=yyyy,也就是改动DB_UNIQUE_NAME参数，其service_names一起改变。 3.修改SERVICE_NAMES: $ cat initxxxx.ora sga_target=1G sga_max_size=1G shared_pool_size=600M pre_page_sga=false *.control_files='/mnt/ramdisk/book/control01.ctl','/mnt/ramdisk/book/control02.ctl'#Restore Controlfile *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0' db_name=book DB_UNIQUE_NAME=yyyy SERVICE_NAMES=zzzz --//SERVICE_NAMES=zzzz,启动数据库. SYS@xxxx> @ pp.txt NAME VALUE DESCRIPTION -------------- ----- ------------------------------------------ instance_name xxxx instance name supported by the instance service_names zzzz service names supported by the instance db_name book database name specified in CREATE DATABASE db_unique_name yyyy Database Unique Name 4.修改INSTANCE_NAME: $ cat initxxxx.ora db_name=book sga_target=1G sga_max_size=1G shared_pool_size=600M pre_page_sga=false *.control_files='/mnt/ramdisk/book/control01.ctl','/mnt/ramdisk/book/control02.ctl'#Restore Controlfile *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0' DB_UNIQUE_NAME=yyyy SERVICE_NAMES=zzzz INSTANCE_NAME=AAAA SYS@xxxx> @ pp.txt NAME VALUE DESCRIPTION -------------- ----- ------------------------------------------ instance_name AAAA instance name supported by the instance service_names zzzz service names supported by the instance db_name book database name specified in CREATE DATABASE db_unique_name yyyy Database Unique Name 5.至此,可以大致推断oracle关于这些参数的设置: --//db_name在建库时就设置,写在数据文件与控制文件,不能更改.一般单机的情况下等于ORACLE_SID环境变量. --//大致设置情况是: --// $ORACLE_SID -> DB_NAME -> DB_UNIQUE_NAME -> SERVICE_NAMES --// $ORACLE_SID -> INSTANCE_NAME --//但是各个参数实际上都可以修改,除了DB_NAME. --//顺便贴出最后lsnrctl status的结果. $ lsnrctl stop;lsnrctl start $ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 20-MAR-2023 10:27:18 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 13-MAR-2023 11:51:33 Uptime 6 days 22 hr. 35 min. 45 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/network/log/listener.log Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Services Summary... Service "booK" has 1 instance(s). --//我配置的静态服务.里面的实例book现在不存在. Instance "book", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "yyyy" has 1 instance(s). --//会建立一个等于db_unique_name的服务名. Instance "AAAA", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "zzzz" has 1 instance(s). --//service_names. Instance "AAAA", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully --//listener.ora存在如下内容: SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (SDU = 32767) (GLOBAL_DBNAME = booK) (ARGV0 = myapp0) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1) (SID_NAME = book) ) ) --//如果换成SID_NAME =AAAA应该可以.注意大小写. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (SDU = 32767) (GLOBAL_DBNAME = booK) (ARGV0 = myapp0) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1) (SID_NAME = AAAA) ) ) $ lsnrctl stop;lsnrctl start $ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 20-MAR-2023 10:36:17 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 20-MAR-2023 10:36:14 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 3 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/network/log/listener.log Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Services Summary... Service "booK" has 1 instance(s). Instance "AAAA", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "yyyy" has 1 instance(s). Instance "AAAA", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "zzzz" has 1 instance(s). Instance "AAAA", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully $ rlsql -s -l scott/book@192.168.100.78:1521/yyyy <<<@ver1 PORT_STRING VERSION BANNER ------------------- ---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx 11.2.0.4.0 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production $ rlsql -s -l scott/book@192.168.100.78:1521/zzzz <<<@ver1 PORT_STRING VERSION BANNER ------------------- ---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx 11.2.0.4.0 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production --//但是使用book服务名连接报错!! $ rlsql -s -l scott/book@192.168.100.78:1521/booK <<<@ver1 ERROR: ORA-01034: ORACLE not available ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory Process ID: 0 Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0 SP2-0751: Unable to connect to Oracle. Exiting SQL*Plus SYS@xxxx> oradebug setmypid Statement processed. SYS@xxxx> oradebug ipc IPC information written to the trace file SYS@xxxx> @ pp.txt NAME VALUE DESCRIPTION -------------- ----- ------------------------------------------ instance_name AAAA instance name supported by the instance service_names zzzz service names supported by the instance db_name book database name specified in CREATE DATABASE db_unique_name yyyy Database Unique Name SYS@xxxx> @ t TRACEFILE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/yyyy/xxxx/trace/xxxx_ora_44680.trc --//检查跟踪文件存在如下: Handle: 0x7fc7ca1460d0 `/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1xxxx' ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Dump of unix-generic realm handle `/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1xxxx', flags = 00000000 --//Handle: 0x7fc7ca1460d0 `/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1xxxx' --//listener.ora改写如下: SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (SDU = 32767) (GLOBAL_DBNAME = Book) (ARGV0 = myapp0) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1) (SID_NAME = xxxx) ) ) --//注意大小写要一致!! $ lsnrctl stop;lsnrctl start $ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 20-MAR-2023 11:17:48 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 20-MAR-2023 11:17:44 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 3 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/network/log/listener.log Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Services Summary... Service "Book" has 1 instance(s). Instance "xxxx", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... --//instance与下面的不同。 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Service "yyyy" has 1 instance(s). Instance "AAAA", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "zzzz" has 1 instance(s). Instance "AAAA", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully $ rlsql -s -l scott/book@192.168.100.78:1521/book <<<@ver1 PORT_STRING VERSION BANNER ------------------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx 11.2.0.4.0 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production --//ok!!是否可以这样理解配置静态服务的SID_NAME实际上等于$ORACLE_SID.而动态服务使用INSTANCE_NAME参数. $ rlsql -s -l scott/book@192.168.100.78:1521/yyyy <<<@ver1 PORT_STRING VERSION BANNER ------------------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx 11.2.0.4.0 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production $ rlsql -s -l scott/book@192.168.100.78:1521/zzzz <<<@ver1 PORT_STRING VERSION BANNER ------------------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx 11.2.0.4.0 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production --//OK1!全部可以成功. --//总之name的参数很容易乱. --//注意最后的收尾还原!!

编辑推荐：

返回列表

[20230320]oracle各种name参数.txt

编辑推荐：

相关推荐

excel表格怎样在数字前输入0

excel表格里怎么替换数据

excel表格里面如何插入圆形

excel表格里怎么添加表格数据透视表

excel表格中怎么添加线边框

excel表格里怎样设置条件自动排序

excel表格例怎样导入数据库

Excel表格如何设置数据排序

excel表格里怎么选择性粘贴快捷键

excel表格怎么插入分隔符号

excel表格怎么设置多行多列数据内容排序

Excel表格如何设置行和列相互转换

excel表格连接公式怎么使用

excel表格怎样链接到cad中

雷神推出 MIX PRO II 迷你主机：基于 Ultra 200H，玻璃上盖 + ARGB 灯效

制造商 Musnap 推出彩色墨水屏电纸书 Ocean C：支持手写笔、第三方安卓应用

最新软件资讯

热文推荐

天极热推