有时工作需要，无法快速关闭数据库的因素：
1、连接的客户端进程数量
2、未提交的事务占用的UNDO BLOCK数量
3、长时间运行的会话
4、SMON进程清理临时段的速度
我本次遇到的问题是，执行了大量的sql， 未提交的事务占用的UNDO BLOCK数量的原因，
查看预警日志文件（alert_sid.log）的位置 SQL> show parameter dump NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ background_core_dump string partial background_dump_dest string /app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhtest ome_1/rdbms/log core_dump_dest string /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/test /eastods/cdump max_dump_file_size string unlimited shadow_core_dump string partial user_dump_dest string /app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbh ome_1/rdbms/log SQL> 查看alert日志如下：/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/test/alert_test.log 以下信息是样例 2023-10-24T07:36:13.600147+08:00 Shutting down ORACLE instance (immediate) (OS id: 6904) 2023-10-24T07:36:15.986718+08:00 Stopping background process SMCO 2023-10-24T07:36:18.111748+08:00 Shutting down instance: further logons disabled 2023-10-24T07:36:57.619859+08:00 Stopping background process CJQ0 2023-10-24T07:37:04.839242+08:00 Killed process oracle@dlidcsjbzhdbtest.aeonlife.com.cn (QM02) with pid is 86, OS pid 23619 Stopping background process MMNL 2023-10-24T07:37:04.920188+08:00 Process termination requested for pid 23619 [source = rdbms], [info = 2] [request issued by pid: 6904, uid: 54321] 2023-10-24T07:37:07.838995+08:00 Stopping background process MMON 2023-10-24T07:37:14.840298+08:00 License high water mark = 89 2023-10-24T07:37:48.120219+08:00 Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 40380 (LGWR switch) Current log# 3 seq# 40380 mem# 0: /app/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log 2023-10-24T07:40:21.124437+08:00 Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 40381 (LGWR switch) Current log# 1 seq# 40381 mem# 0: /app/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log 2023-10-24T07:42:13.956519+08:00 Active process 25052 user 'oracle' program 'oracle@test.com.cn (TNS V1)', waiting for 'db file sequential read' Active process 1116 user 'oracle' program 'oracle@test.com.cn', waiting for 'db file sequential read' SHUTDOWN: waiting for active calls to complete.test 2023-10-24T07:43:33.283164+08:00 Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 40382 (LGWR switch) Current log# 2 seq# 40382 mem# 0: /app/oracle/oradata/test/redo02.log 2023-10-24T07:47:36.568838+08:00
手动kill掉这些数据库连接进程：红色字体的地方
eg：
[test]$kill -9 25052
另外如果进程之多可以使用：
ps aux |grep "LOCAL=NO" |awk '{printf "%s ", $2}' |xargs kill -91
或
ps -ef|grep $ORACLE_SID|grep -v ora_|grep LOCAL=NO|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill1
命令
随机再次关闭数据库：
SQL>
shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
总结：
这是由于进程执行大量SQL，需要回滚，占用资源导致 的问题，因此需要先释放资源，完成数据库的关闭。
