mysql8.0带来的新特性，结合MySQLshell，不需要第三方中间件，自动构建高可用集群。
mysql8.0作为一款新产品，其内置的mysq-innodb-cluster（MIC）高可用集群的技术确实惊艳，结合MySQLshell能够实施集群的快速部署，MySQL-route能够实现灾备快速切换，内置读写分离技术，负载均衡技术。结合但实际效果如何，还需验证。
一，集群部署
1.1 安装环境；
操作系统：Linux，版本：CentOS-7-x86
介质准备：无
环境清理
释放yum进程
[root@bug ~]# ps -ef|grep yum
root
22481
1694
5
17
:
23
?
00
:
00
:
03
/usr/bin/python /usr/share/PackageKit/helpers/yum/yumBackend.py
get
-updates none
root
22591
22507
1
17
:
24
pts/
00
:
00
:
00
grep --color=auto yum
[root@bug ~]# kill -
9
22481
查看是否有多余系统，有则卸载
|
1
2
|
[root@bug ~]# rpm -qa|grep mairadb
[root@bug ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
|
关闭防火墙
|
1
2
3
4
|
[root@bug ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
|
关闭selinux，重启系统后生效
[root@bug selinux]# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=
disabled
[root@bug selinux]# reboot
1.2 安装MySQL8.0
|
1
2
3
|
[root@bug ~]# yum install -y wget https:
//repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
[root@bug ~]# yum list|grep mysql
[root@bug ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-client.x86_64 mysql-router.x86_64 mysql-shell.x86_64
|
采用YUM源安装方式，总下载量约400M，
1.3自动集群部署
部署节点1
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
|
[root@bug ~]# mysqlsh
MySQL JS > dba.deploySandboxInstance(3310);
A
new
MySQL sandbox instance will be created
on
this
host
in
/root/mysql-sandboxes/3310
Warning: Sandbox instances are only suitable
for
deploying and
running
on
your local machine
for
testing purposes and are not
accessible
from
external networks.
Please enter a MySQL root password
for
the
new
instance: ******
Deploying
new
MySQL instance...
Instance localhost:3310 successfully deployed and started.
Use shell.connect(
'root@localhost:3310'
); to connect to the instance.
|
第一个节点部署完毕，端口设置为3310，登陆账号为root@localhost，密码
******
使用本地认证的方式， 登陆数据库实例，进行验证。
|
1
2
3
|
[root@bug ~]# mysql -uroot -porange -S /root/mysql-sandboxes/3310/sandboxdata/mysqld.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password
on
the command line
interface
can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
|
同样的方法，部署节点2，节点3。
|
1
2
3
|
MySQL JS > dba.deploySandboxInstance(3320);
MySQL JS > dba.deploySandboxInstance(3330);
|
1.4创建集群
此实验采用简单的创建本地集群。
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
|
MySQL JS > \connect root@localhost:3310
Creating a session to
'root@localhost:3310'
*****************************************************
MySQL localhost:3310 ssl JS >
var
cluster=dba.createCluster(
'test'
)
A
new
InnoDB cluster will be created
on
instance
'root@localhost:3310'
.
*********************************************************
Cluster successfully created. Use Cluster.addInstance() to add MySQL instances.
At least 3 instances are needed
for
the cluster to be able to withstand up to
one server failure.
|
集群系统已经创建成功，最后一行：At least 3 instances are needed for the cluster to be able to withstand up to one server failure.提示需要至少三个实例，才能保证灾备，所以接下来，将节点2，3添加进集群。
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
MySQL localhost:3310 ssl JS > cluster.addInstance(
'root@localhost:3320'
)
The instance
'root@localhost:3320'
was successfully added to the cluster.
MySQL localhost:3310 ssl JS > cluster.addInstance(
'root@localhost:3330'
)
The instance
'root@localhost:3330'
was successfully added to the cluster.
|
查看集群状态
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
|
MySQL localhost:3310 ssl JS > dba.getCluster().status()
{
"clusterName"
:
"test"
,
"defaultReplicaSet"
: {
"name"
:
"default"
,
"primary"
:
"localhost:3310"
,
"ssl"
:
"REQUIRED"
,
"status"
:
"OK"
,
"statusText"
:
"Cluster is ONLINE and can tolerate up to ONE failure."
,
"topology"
: {
"localhost:3310"
: {
"address"
:
"localhost:3310"
,
"mode"
:
"R/W"
,
"readReplicas"
: {},
"role"
:
"HA"
,
"status"
:
"ONLINE"
},
"localhost:3320"
: {
"address"
:
"localhost:3320"
,
"mode"
:
"R/O"
,
"readReplicas"
: {},
"role"
:
"HA"
,
"status"
:
"ONLINE"
},
"localhost:3330"
: {
"address"
:
"localhost:3330"
,
"mode"
:
"R/O"
,
"readReplicas"
: {},
"role"
:
"HA"
,
"status"
:
"ONLINE"
}
}
},
"groupInformationSourceMember"
:
"mysql://root@localhost:3310"
}
|
一个简单的包含三个节点的集群已经创建完成。可以完成数据同步，读写分离等功能，比如此刻3310端口的状态是"R/W"，同时read与write，3320与3330的状态是"R/O"，只读模式。
1.5配置中间件
此时的集群的高可用性还不完整，需要MySQL-router来完成集群与外部的对接，实现自动切换，故障转移等功能。
MySQL-router的作用类似keepalived 类的中间件。当主机发生故障后，自动将应用切换到其他实例。
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
|
[root@bug ~]# mysqlrouter --bootstrap root@localhost:3310 --user=mysqlrouter
Please enter MySQL password
for
root: *****
Bootstrapping system MySQL Router instance...
Checking
for
old Router accounts
Creating account mysql_router2_j05xzi45m81x@
'%'
MySQL Router has now been configured
for
the InnoDB cluster
'test'
.
The following connection information can be used to connect to the cluster.
Classic MySQL protocol connections to cluster
'test'
:
- Read/Write Connections: localhost:6446
- Read/Only Connections: localhost:6447
X protocol connections to cluster
'test'
:
- Read/Write Connections: localhost:64460
- Read/Only Connections: localhost:64470
Existing configurations backed up to
'/etc/mysqlrouter/mysqlrouter.conf.bak'
[root@bug ~]# mysqlrouter&
[1] 25602
[root@bug ~]# ps -ef|grep router
mysqlro+ 25602 22507 8 19:35 pts/0 00:00:01 mysqlrouter
root 25619 22507 0 19:36 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto router
|
验证MySQL-router安装效果
在MySQL-router默认配置下，
主机端口：6446
从库端口：6447
|
1
2
3
4
5
|
[root@bug ~]# mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 -P 6446 -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
********************************************************8
mysql>
|
证明MySQL-router配置完成可用。
1.6验证集群效果
1,通过router同时登陆三个节点，查看端口号。
2,在节点1构造数据，在节点2，3差看状态，验证数据同步性。
3,节点1（主机）离线，查看集群状态与节点2，节点3状态，验证灾备能力。
