这个我之前没有研究过,看名字就是替换。 因为我实在想不出我现在业务场景中会用到它。
先实验看看实际效果
mysql> truncate table t1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> truncate table t2; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> flush logs; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> insert into t1 values (1,1,1, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> replace into t2 select * from t1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysqlbinlog binlog.000021 --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS -v |grep '`z`.' #260107 14:45:44 server id 1 end_log_pos 366 CRC32 0x716ebe5f Table_map: `z`.`t1` mapped to number 594 ### INSERT INTO `z`.`t1` #260107 14:45:45 server id 1 end_log_pos 658 CRC32 0x74681c7f Table_map: `z`.`t2` mapped to number 595 ### INSERT INTO `z`.`t2`
mysql> insert into t1 values (2,2,2, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> replace into t2 select * from t1; Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec) Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> mysql> select * from t1; +----+------+------+---------------------+ | id | m | n | t | +----+------+------+---------------------+ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-07 14:45:44 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2026-01-07 14:47:00 | +----+------+------+---------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from t2; +----+------+------+---------------------+ | id | m | n | time | +----+------+------+---------------------+ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-07 14:45:44 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2026-01-07 14:47:00 | +----+------+------+---------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysqlbinlog binlog.000021 --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS -v |grep '`z`.' #260107 14:45:44 server id 1 end_log_pos 366 CRC32 0x716ebe5f Table_map: `z`.`t1` mapped to number 594 ### INSERT INTO `z`.`t1` #260107 14:45:45 server id 1 end_log_pos 658 CRC32 0x74681c7f Table_map: `z`.`t2` mapped to number 595 ### INSERT INTO `z`.`t2` #260107 14:47:00 server id 1 end_log_pos 953 CRC32 0x04894dd3 Table_map: `z`.`t1` mapped to number 594 ### INSERT INTO `z`.`t1` #260107 14:47:00 server id 1 end_log_pos 1245 CRC32 0x8d00490e Table_map: `z`.`t2` mapped to number 595 ### INSERT INTO `z`.`t2`
#260107 14:47:00 server id 1 end_log_pos 1245 CRC32 0x8d00490e Table_map: `z`.`t2` mapped to number 595 # has_generated_invisible_primary_key=0 # at 1245 #260107 14:47:00 server id 1 end_log_pos 1301 CRC32 0x103947fd Write_rows: table id 595 flags: STMT_END_F ### Extra row info for partitioning: partition: 1 ### INSERT INTO `z`.`t2` ### SET ### @1=2 ### @2=2 ### @3=2 ### @4='2026-01-07 14:47:00' # at 1301 #260107 14:47:00 server id 1 end_log_pos 1332 CRC32 0xc183a77b Xid = 649006 COMMIT/*!*/;
mysql> update t1 set m=11 where id=1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from t1; +----+------+------+---------------------+ | id | m | n | t | +----+------+------+---------------------+ | 1 | 11 | 1 | 2026-01-07 14:45:44 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2026-01-07 14:47:00 | +----+------+------+---------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> replace into t2 select * from t1; Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec) Records: 2 Duplicates: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from t2; +----+------+------+---------------------+ | id | m | n | time | +----+------+------+---------------------+ | 1 | 11 | 1 | 2026-01-07 14:45:44 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2026-01-07 14:47:00 | +----+------+------+---------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysqlbinlog binlog.000021 --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS -v |grep '`z`.' #260107 14:45:44 server id 1 end_log_pos 366 CRC32 0x716ebe5f Table_map: `z`.`t1` mapped to number 594 ### INSERT INTO `z`.`t1` #260107 14:45:45 server id 1 end_log_pos 658 CRC32 0x74681c7f Table_map: `z`.`t2` mapped to number 595 ### INSERT INTO `z`.`t2` #260107 14:47:00 server id 1 end_log_pos 953 CRC32 0x04894dd3 Table_map: `z`.`t1` mapped to number 594 ### INSERT INTO `z`.`t1` #260107 14:47:00 server id 1 end_log_pos 1245 CRC32 0x8d00490e Table_map: `z`.`t2` mapped to number 595 ### INSERT INTO `z`.`t2` #260107 14:48:11 server id 1 end_log_pos 1541 CRC32 0x5c8ff983 Table_map: `z`.`t1` mapped to number 594 ### UPDATE `z`.`t1` #260107 14:48:11 server id 1 end_log_pos 1852 CRC32 0xf82e7121 Table_map: `z`.`t2` mapped to number 595 ### UPDATE `z`.`t2`
接下来就是问题的点了。现实中t1和t2表,没有这么理想化。
mysql> flush logs;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> create table d1 (id int primary key ,m int,n int ,t datetime);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>
mysql> create table d2 (id int ,m int ,n int,time datetime default CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, PRIMARY KEY (id,time))
-> PARTITION BY RANGE(TO_DAYS (time))
-> (
-> PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2026-01-01')),
-> PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2026-02-01')),
-> PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2026-03-01')));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> insert into d1 (id,m,n) values (1,1,1); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> replace into d2 (id ,m,n) select id ,m,n from d1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from d1; +----+------+------+------+ | id | m | n | t | +----+------+------+------+ | 1 | 1 | 1 | NULL | +----+------+------+------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> replace into d2 (id ,m,n) select id ,m,n from d1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from d2; +----+------+------+---------------------+ | id | m | n | time | +----+------+------+---------------------+ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-07 16:15:16 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-07 16:15:38 | +----+------+------+---------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
然后再次执行replace into 发现逻辑和之前的不一样了。
这就是出问题的点。
这里由于d2表的time列是有默认值的,所以这样就会产生重复数据了。
其实在这种前提下,d2表是 id+time的联合主键,那么d1表时间只要改变,那么送过来的数据都会重复的落在d2表中。
具体看下面的实操。
mysql> select * from d1; ±—±-----±-----±-----+ | id | m | n | t | ±—±-----±-----±-----+ | 1 | 1 | 1 | NULL | ±—±-----±-----±-----+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update d1 set t=‘2026-01-07 00:00:00’ ; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from d1; ±—±-----±-----±--------------------+ | id | m | n | t | ±—±-----±-----±--------------------+ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-07 00:00:00 | ±—±-----±-----±--------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> replace into d2 (id ,m,n,time) select id ,m,n,t from d1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from d2; ±—±-----±-----±--------------------+ | id | m | n | time | ±—±-----±-----±--------------------+ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-07 00:00:00 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-07 16:15:16 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-07 16:15:38 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-07 16:30:34 | ±—±-----±-----±--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update d1 set t=‘2026-01-08 00:00:00’ ; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from d1; ±—±-----±-----±--------------------+ | id | m | n | t | ±—±-----±-----±--------------------+ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-08 00:00:00 | ±—±-----±-----±--------------------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> replace into d2 (id ,m,n,time) select id ,m,n,t from d1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from d2; ±—±-----±-----±--------------------+ | id | m | n | time | ±—±-----±-----±--------------------+ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-07 00:00:00 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-07 16:15:16 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-07 16:15:38 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-07 16:30:34 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2026-01-08 00:00:00 | ±—±-----±-----±--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
# 主要是实在没想过会有人去这样用replace into。
