配置ASM以及创建恢复目录

来源：这里教程网时间：2026-03-03 12:42:49 作者：

本次配置ASM沿用了搭建RAC的环境配置，系统选用CENTOS6.8

首先本地配置YUM，安装GRID集群件所需要的RPM包

[root@rac01 Packages]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# ls CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo

[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# rm -rf *

[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# vi local.repo

[kingsql]

name=This is kingsql repo

baseurl=file:///rpm/

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 [root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# mkdir -p /rpm [root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# cd /rpm

[root@rac01 rpm]cp /root/CentOS-6.8-x86_64-bin-DVD1/Packages/* /rpm/

rpm -ivh vsftpd-2.2.2-12.el6_5.1.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh python-deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh libxml2-2.7.6-14.el6_5.2.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh libxml2-python-2.7.6-14.el6_5.2.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh createrepo-0.9.9-22.el6.noarch.rpm

[root@rac01 rpm]# createrepo ./ [root@rac01 rpm]# yum clean all [root@rac01 rpm]# yum makecache

[root@rac01 rpm]#yum install libXp* xterm* unixODBC* sysstat* make* libstdc++* libgomp* libgcc* libaio* kernel-headers* glibc* gcc* elfutils* binutils* bind bind-devel bind-chroot caching-nameserver compat-libcap1* compat-libstdc++-33* openssh* xdpyinfo vi unzip

本次配置ASM,DNS配置可选可不选

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vi /etc/named.conf

options { listen-on port 53 { any; }; directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; allow-query { any; }; recursion yes;

dnssec-enable yes; dnssec-validation yes;

/* Path to ISC DLV key */ bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";

managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic"; };

logging { channel default_debug { file "data/named.run"; severity dynamic; }; };

zone "." IN { type hint; file "/dev/null"; };

zone "kingsql.org" IN { type master; file "kingsql.org.zone"; };

zone "56.168.192.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "192.168.56.rev"; };

[root@rac01 named]# cd /var/named [root@rac01 named]# pwd /var/named [root@rac01 named]# vi kingsql.org.zone $TTL 1D @ IN SOA kingsql.org. hostmaster.kingsql.org. ( 0 ; serial 1D ; refresh 1H ; retry 1W ; expire 3H ) ; minimum @ IN NS ns1.kingsql.org. ns1 IN A 192.168.56.101 cluster-scan IN A 192.168.56.156 cluster-scan IN A 192.168.56.157 cluster-scan IN A 192.168.56.158 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [root@rac01 named]# vi 192.168.56.rev $TTL 1D @ IN SOA kingsql.org. hostmaster.kingsql.org. ( 0 ; serial 1D ; refresh 1H ; retry 1W ; expire 3H ) ; minimum @ IN NS ns1.kingsql.org. ns1 IN A 192.168.56.101 156 IN PTR cluster-scan.kingsql.org. 157 IN PTR cluster-scan.kingsql.org. 158 IN PTR cluster-scan.kingsql.org. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- service network restart

cat /etc/resolv.conf # Generated by NetworkManager nameserver 192.168.56.101

chkconfig named on ##设置开机自启动

service named start Starting named: [ OK ]

nslookup cluster-scan.kingsql.org nslookup 192.168.56.156 nslookup 192.168.56.157 nslookup 192.168.56.158

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关闭防火墙

chkconfig iptables off service iptables stop

修改selinux为disabled

vi /etc/selinux/config

创建用户和组

groupadd -g 1000 oinstall groupadd -g 1200 asmadmin groupadd -g 1201 asmdba groupadd -g 1202 asmoper groupadd -g 1300 dba groupadd -g 1301 oper useradd -m -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba -d /home/grid -s /bin/bash -c "Grid Infrastructure Owner" grid useradd -m -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash -c "Oracle Software Owner" oracle passwd grid passwd oracle

建立目录，修改权限 mkdir -p /u01/app/grid mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.4/grid chown -R grid:oinstall /u01 mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle chmod -R 775 /u01

关闭ntpd服务 service ntpd stop chkconfig ntpd off mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.original rm -rf /var/run/ntpd.pid

修改grid用户的环境变量

[grid@rac1 ~]$ cat .bash_profile # .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.4/grid export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi umask 022 fi export

修改root用户环境变量

vi /etc/sysctl.conf fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

/sbin/sysctl -p

vi /etc/security/limits.conf grid soft nproc 2047 grid hard nproc 16384 grid soft nofile 1024 grid hard nofile 65536 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536

vi /etc/pam.d/login

session required pam_limits.so

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查磁盘号 [root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -u -g /dev/sdb 1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB1274608b-98003b66 [root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -u -g /dev/sdc 1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBbf237514-f3435ff0 [root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -u -g /dev/sdd 1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc894130b-2f10eef0 [root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -u -g /dev/sde 1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB58f6ed82-b0dc76dc [root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -u -g /dev/sdf 1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0e0cbf34-6238f247 [root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -u -g /dev/sdg 1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB98788216-29530089

vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules

KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB1274608b-98003b66", NAME="asm-disk1", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBbf237514-f3435ff0", NAME="asm-disk2", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc894130b-2f10eef0", NAME="asm-disk3", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB58f6ed82-b0dc76dc", NAME="asm-disk4", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0e0cbf34-6238f247", NAME="asm-disk5", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB98788216-29530089", NAME="asm-disk6", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

[root@rac01 ~]# start_udev Starting udev: [ OK ]

[root@rac1 ~]# ls -l /dev/asm* brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 16 9月 18 11:49 /dev/asm-disk1 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 32 9月 18 11:49 /dev/asm-disk2 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 48 9月 18 11:49 /dev/asm-disk3 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 64 9月 18 11:49 /dev/asm-disk4 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 80 9月 18 11:49 /dev/asm-disk5 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 96 9月 18 11:49 /dev/asm-disk6

安装集群件自带的RPM包

[root@rac01 ~]# mv p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip /home/grid/ [grid@rac01 ~]$ cd grid/ [grid@rac01 grid]$ ls install response runInstaller sshsetup welcome.html readme.html rpm runcluvfy.sh stage [grid@rac01 grid]$ cd rpm/ [grid@rac01 rpm]$ ls cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm

[grid@rac01 rpm]$ su root Password:

[root@rac1 ~]# rpm -ivh /home/grid/grid/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] Using default group oinstall to install package 1:cvuqdisk ########################################### [100%]

修改/etc/hosts

[root@rac01 ~]# vi /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.56.101 rac01

192.168.56.111 rac01-vip

192.168.1.229 rac01-priv

192.168.56.156 cluster-scan

安装ASM

scan-name写/etc/hosts中的cluster-scan

注意修改公共主机名和虚拟主机名，若为单节点则不用配置SSH互信

注意etho 和 eth1 哪个是公共网卡哪个是桥接网卡

选择ASM

冗余选择外部冗余

选择不使用IPM

执行脚本

安装完成后配置asmca

create 创建磁盘组

剩下的硬盘起名为DATA磁盘组

Mount all，之后推出

此时直接启用dbca配置可能会无法发现磁盘组，我们需要进入grid家目录执行chmod +s权限，使ORACLE用户可以看到磁盘组

cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/

chmod +s oracle

启用dbca

使用 DBCA 启动创建恢复目录数据库的进程

在 database templates( 数据库模板 ) 页上，保留默认值“ General Purpose ” ( 一般用途 ) 或 Transaction Processing( 事物处理 )

在 database identification( 数据库标识 ) ，输入恢复目录数据库的名称，使用 rcat.example.com 作为 Global Database Name （全局数据库名）

Management options （管理选项）取消选中 configure enterprise manager( 配置 em)

Automatic Maintenance Tasks( 自动维护任务 ) 取消选中 Enable Automatic Maintenance Tasks （启用自动维护任务）

所有账户使用同一管理口令

Database file locations( 数据库文件位置 ) 选择 Automatic Storage Management （ ASM ）（自动存储管理）作为 Storage Type( 存储类型 ). 选择 Use common location for all database files （所有数据库文件使用公共位置）然后选择 DATA 磁盘组