[20200620]IMPDP TRANSFORM参数再探究.txt

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[20200620]IMPDP TRANSFORM参数再探究.txt --//前几天同事要求做一个空的测试库,要求建立与生产系统一模一样的表结构.但是如果按照通常方式建立,即使是空表,由于 --//INITIAL很大,这样消耗的磁盘空间也很大,并且建立过程并不快.我记忆里以前也遇到类似的问题,查询我的工作笔记,找到 --//如下链接: --//http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-1846944/=> [20151126]IMPDP TRANSFORM参数.TXT d:\> impdp help=y > aa.txt TRANSFORM Metadata transform to apply to applicable objects. Valid keywords are: DISABLE_ARCHIVE_LOGGING, INMEMORY, INMEMORY_CLAUSE, LOB_STORAGE, OID, PCTSPACE, SEGMENT_ATTRIBUTES, SEGMENT_CREATION, STORAGE, and TABLE_COMPRESSION_CLAUSE. --//注:12c支持更多类型,生产系统11.2.0.4.顺便测试SEGMENT_CREATION的情况.以及重复测试时一些疑问. . Usage: TRANSFORM = transform_name:value[:object_type] These are the applicable transform_names SEGMENT_ATTRIBUTES: by default value is y which will copy the objects as it is in the export dump with all segment attributes. If you specify the value as n the import job will omit the segment_attributes in the dump file and it will use the tablespace/user default values. STORAGE: by default the value for this parameter is y which will include all storage clauses during the import job. If you specify the parameter value as n then it will omit the storage clause in the dump file and it will follow the default values in the tablespace. PCTSPACE: it is the percent multiplier for the extent allocations and size of the datafiles during the import. OID: object id (OID) mainly used for the TYPE objects. Each and every type is identified by OID which will be unique. If you create a type without specifying the OID the RDBMS itself will create and assign unique OID to the new TYPE object. See below examples for more details. 1.测试环境: SCOTT@test01p> @ ver1 PORT_STRING VERSION BANNER CON_ID ------------------------------ -------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- IBMPC/WIN_NT64-9.1.0 12.2.0.1.0 Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production 0 2.测试: --//建立如下表： CREATE TABLE SCOTT.EMPX ( EMPNO NUMBER(4), ENAME VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), JOB VARCHAR2(9 BYTE), MGR NUMBER(4), HIREDATE DATE, SAL NUMBER(7,2), COMM NUMBER(7,2), DEPTNO NUMBER(2) ) TABLESPACE USERS STORAGE ( INITIAL 5M ); SCOTT@test01p> create unique index pk_empx on empx(empno); Index created. SCOTT@test01p> select segment_name,bytes,blocks,INITIAL_EXTENT,NEXT_EXTENT from dba_segments where owner=user and segment_name like '%EMPX'; no rows selected --//你可以发现这样建立的这样建立的表以及索引如果没有记录插入前,没有段的分配,这个11g段延迟建立的特性. --//缺省deferred_segment_creation参数=TRUE. SCOTT@test01p> show parameter defer NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ -------------------- ---------- deferred_segment_creation boolean TRUE 3.继续: SCOTT@test01p> insert into empx select * from emp ; 14 rows created. SCOTT@test01p> commit ; Commit complete. SCOTT@test01p> select segment_name,bytes,blocks,INITIAL_EXTENT,NEXT_EXTENT from dba_segments where owner=user and segment_name like '%EMPX'; SEGMENT_NAME BYTES BLOCKS INITIAL_EXTENT NEXT_EXTENT -------------------- ---------- ---------- -------------- ----------- EMPX 5242880 640 5242880 1048576 PK_EMPX 65536 8 65536 1048576 --//你可以发现插入后建立表以及索引段,而且empx段INITIAL_EXTENT=5242880也就是5M. 4.导出以及导入测试: d:\tmp> expdp scott/btbtms@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empx.dmp logfile=empx.log tables=scott.empx CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY Export: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jun 20 09:26:42 2020 Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": scott/a**@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empx.dmp logfile=empx.log tables=scott.empx CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded ****************************************************************************** Dump file set for SCOTT.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is: D:\TMP\EXPDP\EMPX.DMP Job "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at Sat Jun 20 09:27:34 2020 elapsed 0 00:00:48 --//注:我加入CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY仅仅取出元数据.不包括记录. d:\tmp> impdp scott/btbtms@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empx.dmp logfile=empx1.log full=y transform=SEGMENT_ATTRIBUTES:n SQLFILE=empx.txt Import: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jun 20 09:30:21 2020 Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01": scott/a**@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empx.dmp logfile=empx1.log full=y transform=SEGMENT_ATTRIBUTES:n SQLFILE=empx.txt Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER Job "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully completed at Sat Jun 20 09:30:34 2020 elapsed 0 00:00:10 --//查看生成的empx.txt脚本: -- CONNECT SCOTT ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10150 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10904 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '25475 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10407 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10851 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '22830 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 192 '; -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE CREATE TABLE "SCOTT"."EMPX" ( "EMPNO" NUMBER(4,0), "ENAME" VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), "JOB" VARCHAR2(9 BYTE), "MGR" NUMBER(4,0), "HIREDATE" DATE, "SAL" NUMBER(7,2), "COMM" NUMBER(7,2), "DEPTNO" NUMBER(2,0) ) ; -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "SCOTT"."PK_EMPX" ON "SCOTT"."EMPX" ("EMPNO") ; ALTER INDEX "SCOTT"."PK_EMPX" NOPARALLEL; -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER --//你可以发现并没有建立表或者索引SEGMENT_ATTRIBUTES的参数.可以前面的测试实际上仅仅导出元数据,按照我的理解实际上不加 --//transform=SEGMENT_ATTRIBUTES:n 命令行参数,应该也不会建立表以及索引段.而我的同事测试会建立对应的段.继续. d:\tmp> impdp scott/btbtms@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empx.dmp logfile=empx2.log full=y SQLFILE=empy.txt Import: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jun 20 09:35:58 2020 Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01": scott/a****@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empx.dmp logfile=empx2.log full=y SQLFILE=empy.txt Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER Job "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully completed at Sat Jun 20 09:36:07 2020 elapsed 0 00:00:06 --//查看生成的empy.txt脚本: -- CONNECT SCOTT ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10150 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10904 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '25475 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10407 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10851 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '22830 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 192 '; -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE CREATE TABLE "SCOTT"."EMPX" ( "EMPNO" NUMBER(4,0), "ENAME" VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), "JOB" VARCHAR2(9 BYTE), "MGR" NUMBER(4,0), "HIREDATE" DATE, "SAL" NUMBER(7,2), "COMM" NUMBER(7,2), "DEPTNO" NUMBER(2,0) ) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING STORAGE(INITIAL 5242880 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS" ; -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "SCOTT"."PK_EMPX" ON "SCOTT"."EMPX" ("EMPNO") PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS" PARALLEL 1 ; ALTER INDEX "SCOTT"."PK_EMPX" NOPARALLEL; -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER --//注意看下划线,这样建立的表采用SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE 的方式.这样即使是空表,也会分配段. --//另外可以发现建立索引并不支持没有SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE 参数. 5.可以通过一个例子验证; SCOTT@test01p> create table xxx (a int) ; Table created. SCOTT@test01p> @ ddl xxx C100 ------------------------------------------------------------ CREATE TABLE "SCOTT"."XXX" ( "A" NUMBER(*,0) ) SEGMENT CREATION DEFERRED ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING TABLESPACE "USERS" ; --//SEGMENT CREATION DEFERRED SCOTT@test01p> insert into xxx values(1); 1 row created. SCOTT@test01p> rollback ; Rollback complete. SCOTT@test01p> @ ddl xxx C100 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ CREATE TABLE "SCOTT"."XXX" ( "A" NUMBER(*,0) ) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS" ; --//SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE.一旦有数据插入,建立脚本属性发生变化. SCOTT@test01p> drop table xxx purge ; Table dropped. SCOTT@test01p> create table xxx (a int) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE ; Table created. SCOTT@test01p> create index xxxpk on xxx(a); Index created. SCOTT@test01p> select segment_name,bytes,blocks,INITIAL_EXTENT,NEXT_EXTENT from dba_segments where owner=user and segment_name like 'XXX%'; SEGMENT_NAME BYTES BLOCKS INITIAL_EXTENT NEXT_EXTENT -------------------- ---------- ---------- -------------- ----------- XXX 65536 8 65536 1048576 XXXPK 65536 8 65536 1048576 --//一旦建立表属性SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE,即使没有记录建立的索引也存在段的分配. 6.测试12c的SEGMENT_CREATION参数: d:\tmp> impdp scott/btbtms@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empx.dmp logfile=empx3.log full=y transform=SEGMENT_CREATION:n SQLFILE=empz.txt Import: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jun 20 09:55:49 2020 Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01": scott/a*@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empx.dmp logfile=empx3.log full=y transform=SEGMENT_CREATION:n SQLFILE=empz.txt Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER Job "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully completed at Sat Jun 20 09:55:59 2020 elapsed 0 00:00:07 impdp scott/btbtms@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empx.dmp logfile=empx3.log full=y transform=SEGMENT_CREATION:n SQLFILE=empz.txt --//查看生成的empz.txt脚本: -- CONNECT SCOTT ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10150 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10904 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '25475 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10407 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10851 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '22830 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 192 '; -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE CREATE TABLE "SCOTT"."EMPX" ( "EMPNO" NUMBER(4,0), "ENAME" VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), "JOB" VARCHAR2(9 BYTE), "MGR" NUMBER(4,0), "HIREDATE" DATE, "SAL" NUMBER(7,2), "COMM" NUMBER(7,2), "DEPTNO" NUMBER(2,0) ) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING STORAGE(INITIAL 5242880 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS" ; -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "SCOTT"."PK_EMPX" ON "SCOTT"."EMPX" ("EMPNO") PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS" PARALLEL 1 ; ALTER INDEX "SCOTT"."PK_EMPX" NOPARALLEL; -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER --//STORAGE里面的参数保留,不过如果这样的表INITIAL很大,如果第1次有数据插入,那将是"灾难性",开始会很慢. 7.最后补充一点: --//我总是忘记,朋友总是讲我忘记导入时不要导入统计信息.主要平时很少做这样的操作. --//例子: d:\tmp> impdp scott/btbtms@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empx.dmp logfile=empx4.log full=y transform=SEGMENT_CREATION:n SQLFILE=empa.txt exclude=STATISTICS Import: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jun 20 10:05:53 2020 Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01": scott/a*@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empx.dmp logfile=empx4.log full=y transform=SEGMENT_CREATION:n SQLFILE=empa.txt exclude=STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX Job "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully completed at Sat Jun 20 10:06:06 2020 elapsed 0 00:00:09 --//这样可以加快导入并且可以避免统计信息的不准确(应该导入后马上分析).也许在expdp时就可以排除掉更好. d:\tmp> expdp scott/btbtms@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empy.dmp logfile=empy.log tables=scott.empx CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY exclude=STATISTICS Export: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jun 20 10:09:23 2020 Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": scott/a**@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empy.dmp logfile=empy.log tables=scott.empx CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY exclude=STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded ****************************************************************************** Dump file set for SCOTT.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is: D:\TMP\EXPDP\EMPY.DMP Job "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at Sat Jun 20 10:09:42 2020 elapsed 0 00:00:17 d:\tmp> impdp scott/btbtms@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empx.dmp logfile=empx5.log full=y transform=SEGMENT_CREATION:n SQLFILE=empb.txt Import: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jun 20 10:10:39 2020 Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01": scott/a***@test01p DIRECTORY=TMP_EXPDP dumpfile=empx.dmp logfile=empx5.log full=y transform=SEGMENT_CREATION:n SQLFILE=empb.txt Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER Job "SCOTT"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully completed at Sat Jun 20 10:10:48 2020 elapsed 0 00:00:06 --//这样的导入实际上还是有导入统计信息的步骤.

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