一.安装centos系统（此处以centos7.9为例）略 二.配置本地yum源 http://blog.itpub.net/70004783/viewspace-2789438/ 三、 数据库安装准备工作
|
Hostname |
dbserver |
|
版本 |
oracle11.2.0.4 |
|
Oracle_sid |
prod1 |
|
dbname |
prod |
|
home |
/home/oracle |
|
ORACLE_BASE |
/u01/app/oracle |
|
ORACLE_HOME |
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 |
1、安装需要的软件列表
yum install binutils -y yum install compat-libcap1 -y yum install compat-libstdc -y yum install gcc -y yum install gcc-c++ -y yum install glibc -y yum install glibc-devel -y yum install ksh -y yum install libgcc -y yum install libstdc++ -y yum install libstdc++-devel -y yum install libaio -y yum install libaio-devel -y yum install libXext -y yum install libXtst -y yum install libX11 -y yum install libXau -y yum install libxcb -y yum install libXi -y yum install make -y yum install sysstat -y yum install unixODBC -y yum install unixODBC-devel –y
2、修改主机名，更改hosts文件
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname dbserver
[root@dbserver ~]# vi /etc/hosts [root@dbserver ~]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 10.8.98.102 dbserver [root@dbserver ~]#
3、添加组与用户，并修改oracle用户密码
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60001 oinstall /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60002 dba /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60003 oper /usr/sbin/useradd -u 61002 -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@dbserver ~]# passwd oracle
4、创建相应的文件夹
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 chmod -R 775 /u01/
5、修改操作系统参数
vi /etc/security/limits.conf 添加以下 #ORACLE SETTING oracle soft nproc 16384 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 32768
6、禁用SELINUX
[root@dbserver ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. # SELINUX= can take one of these three values: # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded. SELINUX=disabled # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values: # targeted - Targeted processes are protected, # minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. # mls - Multi Level Security protection. SELINUXTYPE=targeted [root@dbserver ~]#
让SELINUX生效： setenforce 0
7、关闭防火墙
[root@dbserver ~]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@dbserver ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
8、修改/etc/pam.d/login文件
vi /etc/pam.d/login #ORACLE SETTING session required pam_limits.so
9、修改sysctl.conf配置文件
[root@dbserver ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf 添加一下 #ORACLE SETTING fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmmax = 8589934592 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
若为2G内存则设置#kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 （2*1024*1024*1024）#kernel.shmall = 524288 （物理内存2*1024*1024*1024/4K）(大于SGA，小于物理内存,例：物理内存90%) 若为8G内存设置为（其余类推）#kernel.shmmax = 8589934592 #kernel.shmall = 2097152 让配置生效：sysctl -p 10、oracle环境变量设置
[oracle@dbserver ~]$ vi .bash_profile 添加以下 # Oracle Settings oracle TMP=/tmp; export TMP TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID=prod1; export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"; export NLS_DATE_FORMAT NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK;export NLS_LANG
注意： 此处最后一行我语言选择的是ZHS16GBK
退出oracle再登陆检查一下oracle环境变量有没设置好 [oracle@dbserver ~]$ env | grep ORACLE ORACLE_SID=prod1 ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle ORACLE_TERM=xterm ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 [oracle@dbserver ~]$
上传oracle文件到/home/oracle 目录，注意权限问题，都给oracle用户权限
[oracle@dbserver ~]$ ll total 2487476 drwxr-xr-x 7 oracle oinstall 136 Aug 27 2013 database drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 6 Aug 31 08:47 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 6 Aug 31 08:47 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 6 Aug 31 08:47 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 6 Aug 31 08:47 Music -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1395582860 Aug 30 16:40 p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1151304589 Aug 30 16:40 p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 6 Aug 31 08:47 Pictures drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 6 Aug 31 08:47 Public -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 279608 Aug 30 16:40 rlwrap-0.42.tar.gz drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 6 Aug 31 08:47 Templates drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 6 Aug 31 08:47 Videos [oracle@dbserver ~]$
重启一下系统 11、root安装vnc，oracle启动vnc
切换到root安装vnc，通过vnc安装oracle [root@dbserver ~]# yum install *vnc* 切换到oracle 启动vnc [oracle@dbserver ~]$ vncserver You will require a password to access your desktops. Password: Verify: Would you like to enter a view-only password (y/n)? n A view-only password is not used New 'dbserver:1 (oracle)' desktop is dbserver:1 Creating default startup script /home/oracle/.vnc/xstartup Creating default config /home/oracle/.vnc/config Starting applications specified in /home/oracle/.vnc/xstartup Log file is /home/oracle/.vnc/dbserver:1.log [oracle@dbserver ~]$
12、通过vnc客户端连接，准备开始安装数据库
以下通过vnc在图形界面进行操作
通过图形界面进入相应目录，解压oracle软件
[oracle@dbserver ~]$ pwd
/home/oracle
[oracle@dbserver ~]$ ls
Desktop Documents Downloads Music p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip Pictures Public rlwrap-0.42.tar.gz Templates Videos
[oracle@dbserver ~]$ unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
[oracle@dbserver ~]$ unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
进入解压后的database文件夹，执行./runInstaller命令
[oracle@dbserver database]$ ls
install readme.html response rpm runInstaller sshsetup stage welcome.html
[oracle@dbserver database]$ pwd
/home/oracle/database
[oracle@dbserver database]$ ./runInstaller
四、仅安装数据库软件一步一步如下图所示
可以通过root账户尝试安装这几个缺的软件包。
86%
报错：Error in invoking target 'agent nmhs' of makefile
解决方案：
在 makefile中添加链接libnnz11库的参数 修改 $ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk，将 $(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)修改为：
$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL) -lnnz11 建议修改前备份原始文件
[oracle@dbserver lib]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib [oracle@dbserver lib]$ cp ins_emagent.mk ins_emagent.mk.bak [oracle@dbserver lib]$ vi ins_emagent.mk
进入vi编辑器后 命令模式输入 /NMECTL 进行查找，快速定位要修改的行
原来：
$(SYSMANBIN)emdctl:
$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)
修改后：
$(SYSMANBIN)emdctl:
$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL) -lnnz11
保存退出后
retry
root 账户执行这两个脚本 ，执行完再点击上图的ok
[root@dbserver /]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory. Adding read,write permissions for group. Removing read,write,execute permissions for world. Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall. The execution of the script is complete. [root@dbserver /]# /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g The following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= oracle ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ... Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ... Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ... Creating /etc/oratab file... Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created Finished running generic part of root script. Now product-specific root actions will be performed. Finished product-specific root actions. [root@dbserver /]#
五、netca调出图形界面创建监听
六、dbca创建数据库如下
七、登陆数据库查看是否正常
[oracle@dbserver ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Aug 31 11:17:53 2021 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> select * from dual; D - X SQL>
