[20221028]rman使用tape与增量备份测试2.txt

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[20221028]rman使用tape与增量备份测试2.txt --//参考链接:2017/201702/[20170208]rman tape.txt 2017/201702/[20170213]rman tape测试.txt --//生产系统采用虚拟磁带库的备份方式,我以前发现不支持压缩.参考连接http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2645144/ --//最近遇到增量不能使用BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING文件的情况,最后发现对方备份脚本执行 alter database disable block change tracking; --//导致的情况.奇葩的运维人员....无语啊. --//前几天测试使用的数据文件没有数据写入,换成数据文件1测试看看,当时的测试有点乱. 1.环境: SCOTT@book> @ver1 PORT_STRING VERSION BANNER ------------------------------ -------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx 11.2.0.4.0 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production --//先做一些清理工作. ALTER DATABASE disable BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING; --//RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' clear; --//RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; --//并且删除以前测试做的全部备份集. $ cat ckfile.txt SELECT file# , incremental_level , completion_time , datafile_blocks , blocks_read , blocks_read/datafile_blocks* 100 AS PCT_READ_FOR_BACKUP , blocks FROM v$backup_datafile WHERE file# in (&&1) order by 3; 2.建立测试环境: --//测试前清理全部备份文件集略. --//在rman下执行,模拟tape方式: RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS 'SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/u01/backup)'; using target database control file instead of recovery catalog new RMAN configuration parameters: CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS 'SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/u01/backup)'; new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO SBT_TAPE; old RMAN configuration parameters: CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; new RMAN configuration parameters: CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO 'SBT_TAPE'; new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored 3.测试1: --//采用模拟tape方式,没有打开BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING: RMAN> backup incremental level=0 datafile 1 ; Starting backup at 2022-10-28 09:04:00 allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_1 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: SID=53 device type=SBT_TAPE channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: WARNING: Oracle Test Disk API channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:04:00 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:04:03 piece handle=gs1bd1k0_1_1 tag=TAG20221028T090400 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03 Finished backup at 2022-10-28 09:04:03 Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:04:03 piece handle=c-1337401710-20221028-00 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0 Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:04:10 --//继续测试,采用模拟tape方式,打开BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING: SYS@book> ALTER DATABASE ENABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING using file '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/block_change_tracking.f' ; Database altered. SYS@book> SELECT * FROM V$BLOCK_CHANGE_TRACKING 2 @ pr ============================== STATUS : ENABLED FILENAME : /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/block_change_tracking.f BYTES : 11599872 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. --//已经开启块跟踪特性. RMAN> backup incremental level=1 datafile 1 ; ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Starting backup at 2022-10-28 09:05:06 using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:05:06 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:05:07 piece handle=gu1bd1m2_1_1 tag=TAG20221028T090506 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 2022-10-28 09:05:07 Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:05:07 piece handle=c-1337401710-20221028-01 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0 Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:05:08 SYS@book> @ ckfile.txt 1 FILE# INCREMENTAL_LEVEL COMPLETION_TIME DATAFILE_BLOCKS BLOCKS_READ PCT_READ_FOR_BACKUP BLOCKS ---------- ----------------- ------------------- --------------- ----------- ------------------- ---------- 1 0 2022-10-28 09:04:02 99840 99840 100 83579 1 1 2022-10-28 09:05:07 99840 99840 100 5 --//BLOCKS_READ并没有减少,因为BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING后才可是记录块scn的变化.而level=0备份在启用之前. $ ll /u01/backup/[g]* -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 687865872 2022-10-28 09:04:02 /u01/backup/gs1bd1k0_1_1 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 4194320 2022-10-28 09:05:07 /u01/backup/gu1bd1m2_1_1 --//仅仅备份变化的部分,备份文件减少了 RMAN> backup incremental level=1 datafile 1 ; Starting backup at 2022-10-28 09:06:26 using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:06:26 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:06:27 piece handle=h01bd1oi_1_1 tag=TAG20221028T090626 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 2022-10-28 09:06:27 Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:06:27 piece handle=c-1337401710-20221028-02 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0 Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:06:28 SYS@book> @ ckfile.txt 1 FILE# INCREMENTAL_LEVEL COMPLETION_TIME DATAFILE_BLOCKS BLOCKS_READ PCT_READ_FOR_BACKUP BLOCKS ---------- ----------------- ------------------- --------------- ----------- ------------------- ---------- 1 0 2022-10-28 09:04:02 99840 99840 100 83579 1 1 2022-10-28 09:05:07 99840 99840 100 5 1 1 2022-10-28 09:06:26 99840 1 .001001603 1 --//可以使用这时块跟踪文件.BLOCKS_READ=1.因为这次增量备份之前做了一次增量在启动块跟踪特性之前(有点绕口). $ ll /u01/backup/[gh]* -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 687865872 2022-10-28 09:04:02 /u01/backup/gs1bd1k0_1_1 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 4194320 2022-10-28 09:05:07 /u01/backup/gu1bd1m2_1_1 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 4194320 2022-10-28 09:06:26 /u01/backup/h01bd1oi_1_1 --//如果使用累积增量,可能不行,可以如下验证: RMAN> backup incremental level 1 cumulative datafile 1; ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Starting backup at 2022-10-28 09:08:53 using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:08:53 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:08:54 piece handle=h21bd1t5_1_1 tag=TAG20221028T090853 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 2022-10-28 09:08:54 Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:08:54 piece handle=c-1337401710-20221028-03 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0 Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:08:55 SYS@book> @ ckfile.txt 1 FILE# INCREMENTAL_LEVEL COMPLETION_TIME DATAFILE_BLOCKS BLOCKS_READ PCT_READ_FOR_BACKUP BLOCKS ---------- ----------------- ------------------- --------------- ----------- ------------------- ---------- 1 0 2022-10-28 09:04:02 99840 99840 100 83579 1 1 2022-10-28 09:05:07 99840 99840 100 5 1 1 2022-10-28 09:06:26 99840 1 .001001603 1 1 1 2022-10-28 09:08:54 99840 99840 100 7 --//可以发现累积cumulative模式无法使用,当前这样的情况下. --//再次执行累积备份也是一样的情况. RMAN> backup incremental level 1 cumulative datafile 1; ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Starting backup at 2022-10-28 09:10:15 using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:10:16 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:10:17 piece handle=h41bd1vo_1_1 tag=TAG20221028T091015 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0 channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 2022-10-28 09:10:17 Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:10:17 piece handle=c-1337401710-20221028-04 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0 Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:10:18 SYS@book> @ ckfile.txt 1 FILE# INCREMENTAL_LEVEL COMPLETION_TIME DATAFILE_BLOCKS BLOCKS_READ PCT_READ_FOR_BACKUP BLOCKS ---------- ----------------- ------------------- --------------- ----------- ------------------- ---------- 1 0 2022-10-28 09:04:02 99840 99840 100 83579 1 1 2022-10-28 09:05:07 99840 99840 100 5 1 1 2022-10-28 09:06:26 99840 1 .001001603 1 1 1 2022-10-28 09:08:54 99840 99840 100 7 1 1 2022-10-28 09:10:16 99840 99840 100 7 $ ll /u01/backup/[gh]* -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 687865872 2022-10-28 09:04:02 /u01/backup/gs1bd1k0_1_1 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 4194320 2022-10-28 09:05:07 /u01/backup/gu1bd1m2_1_1 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 4194320 2022-10-28 09:06:26 /u01/backup/h01bd1oi_1_1 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 4194320 2022-10-28 09:08:54 /u01/backup/h21bd1t5_1_1 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 4194320 2022-10-28 09:10:16 /u01/backup/h41bd1vo_1_1 4.收尾还原: RMAN> delete backupset completed after 'sysdate -1'; RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' clear; RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' clear;