[20240409]为什么一条sql语句在实例2执行要慢的分析.txt

来源:这里教程网 时间:2026-03-03 19:49:35 作者:

[20240409]为什么一条sql语句在实例2执行要慢的分析.txt --//生产系统遇到一个奇怪现象,一条sql语句在实例2要比实例1慢很多,展开分析看看. 1.环境: SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> @ ver1 PORT_STRING                    VERSION        BANNER ------------------------------ -------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx            11.2.0.4.0     Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production 2.问题展开: SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> @ sqlhh af4692qv1f56q 10/24 time unit : millisecond BEGIN_INTERVAL_TIME    INST_ID SQL_ID        PLAN_HASH_VALUE EXECUTIONS ELA_MS_PER_EXEC CPU_MS_PER_EXEC ROWS_PER_EXEC LIOS_PER_EXEC BLKRD_PER_EXEC IOW_MS_PER_EXEC  AVG_IOW_MS CLW_MS_PER_EXEC APW_MS_PER_EXEC CCW_MS_PER_EXEC ------------------- ---------- ------------- --------------- ---------- --------------- --------------- ------------- ------------- -------------- --------------- ----------- --------------- --------------- --------------- 2024-04-09 00:00:19          1 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          1               4               4           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 00:00:19          2 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          1            1968            1698           1.0           265              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 01:00:24          1 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          4               4               3           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 01:00:24          2 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          1            2097            2010           1.0           265              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 02:00:06          1 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          3               5               5           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 02:00:06          2 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          1            2095            1722           1.0           265              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 03:00:18          1 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          3               4               4           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 03:00:18          2 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          1            2022            1846           1.0           265              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 04:00:05          1 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          2               5               5           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 04:00:05          2 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          2            1007             998           1.0           237              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2024-04-09 05:00:31          2 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          5               4               3           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2024-04-09 05:00:31          1 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          1               4               3           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 06:00:33          2 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          3               4               3           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 06:00:34          1 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          2               3               3           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 07:00:53          1 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          2               4               4           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 07:00:53          2 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          3               4               3           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 08:00:07          2 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          3               5               4           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 08:00:07          1 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          2               4               4           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 18 rows selected. --//可以发现一个特点,执行没有变化PLAN_HASH_VALUE=1518780269,实例2执行要有一点慢,也有执行快的时候,如果你仔细看就可以发现 --//这条sql语句执行次数很少.无论是实例1还是实例2.按照道理这类sql语句应该不会记录在dba_hist_sqlstat里面,可以推断,因为实例 --//2共享内存紧张,该语句经常被踢出共享池,导致执行出现硬分析导致的情况,而且每次硬分析时间还"很长". SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> @ ashtop inst_id,module sql_id='af4692qv1f56q'  &day  ''     Total                                                                                                     Distinct Distinct    Distinct   Seconds     AAS %This      INST_ID MODULE                         FIRST_SEEN          LAST_SEEN           Execs Seen  Tstamps Execs Seen1 --------- ------- ------- ---------- ------------------------------ ------------------- ------------------- ---------- -------- -----------       150      .0  100% |          2 httpd.exe                      2024-04-08 09:15:24 2024-04-09 04:25:32          1      150         150 --//仅仅实例2出现性能问题. --//先看看是什么语句: SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> @ sqlid_fms af4692qv1f56q C200 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                 SELECT D.constraint_type as CONSTRAINT_TYPE, C.COLUMN_NAME, C.position, D.r_constraint_name,                 E.table_name as table_ref, f.column_name as column_ref,                 C.table_name         FROM ALL_CONS_COLUMNS C         inner join ALL_constraints D on D.OWNER = C.OWNER and D.constraint_name = C.constraint_name         left join ALL_constraints E on E.OWNER = D.r_OWNER and E.constraint_name = D.r_constraint_name         left join ALL_cons_columns F on F.OWNER = E.OWNER and F.constraint_name = E.constraint_name and F.position = c.position         WHERE C.OWNER = 'PORTAL_HIS'            and C.table_name = 'DATA_EXCHANGE_FP'            and D.constraint_type <> 'P'         order by d.constraint_name, c.position --//多数情况这语句是递归调用执行的,这类语句里面的视图定义非常复杂,如果查看执行计划非常复杂.第1次分析时间长,不可避免的. time unit : microsecond SQL_ID        CHILD_NUMBER    INST_ID FIRST_LOAD_TIME                        BUFFER_GETS EXECUTIONS ELAPSED_TIME AVG_ELA_TIME PLAN_HASH_VALUE LIOS_PER_EXEC FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE ------------- ------------ ---------- -------------------------------------- ----------- ---------- ------------ ------------ --------------- ------------- ------------------------ af4692qv1f56q            0          2 2024-03-29/10:25:38                           3400         16      2071474    129467.13      1518780269           213      3702873826194195448 af4692qv1f56q            0          1 2024-03-29/10:04:51                         131289        628      4634160      7379.24      1518780269           209      3702873826194195448 --//可以发现实例2记录的执行次数少(16次),可以推断该语句一直呆在实例1共享池中,而实例2经常被刷出共享池,导致实例2的执行出现硬分析. --//如果仔细看sql语句的执行计划就知道,这条sql语句的执行计划非常复杂,可以参考链接: --//https://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-3008682/ => 20240311]sql_id=c8s65f1cuhcb1的优化.txt ,与这个例子有一些类似. --//如何验证我的推断呢? SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> @ ashtop inst_id,event sql_id='af4692qv1f56q'  &day  ''     Total                                                                                                                 Distinct Distinct    Distinct   Seconds     AAS %This      INST_ID EVENT                                      FIRST_SEEN          LAST_SEEN           Execs Seen  Tstamps Execs Seen1 --------- ------- ------- ---------- ------------------------------------------ ------------------- ------------------- ---------- -------- -----------       148      .0  100% |          2                                            2024-04-08 09:25:30 2024-04-09 04:25:32          1      148         148 --//event记录为空,基本消耗CPU上,如果知道消耗集中在分析上呢? --//最新的ashtop脚本加入了time_model_name,可以了解一些细节. SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> @ ashtop inst_id,time_model_name,time_model sql_id='af4692qv1f56q'  &day  ''     Total                                                                                                                                    Distinct Distinct    Distinct   Seconds     AAS %This      INST_ID TIME_MODEL_NAME                                    TIME_MODEL FIRST_SEEN          LAST_SEEN           Execs Seen  Tstamps Execs Seen1 --------- ------- ------- ---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------- ------------------- ---------- -------- -----------       148      .0  100% |          2 PARSE HARD_PARSE                                          144 2024-04-08 09:25:30 2024-04-09 04:25:32          1      148         148 --//很明显CPU的消耗集中在PARSE HARD_PARSE,注:我猜测PARSE表示软分析,HARD_PARSE是硬分析. --//TIME_MODEL= 144 = 0x90 $ echo "obase=2;144" | bc -l 10010000 --//第4,7位为1,从0开始计数. --//看看ashtop.sql脚本的其中一段:     , CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 01)) = POWER(2, 01) THEN 'DBTIME '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 02)) = POWER(2, 02) THEN 'BACKGROUND '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 03)) = POWER(2, 03) THEN 'CONNECTION_MGMT '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 04)) = POWER(2, 04) THEN 'PARSE '  END            ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 05)) = POWER(2, 05) THEN 'FAILED_PARSE '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 06)) = POWER(2, 06) THEN 'NOMEM_PARSE '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 07)) = POWER(2, 07) THEN 'HARD_PARSE '  END            ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 08)) = POWER(2, 08) THEN 'NO_SHARERS_PARSE '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 09)) = POWER(2, 09) THEN 'BIND_MISMATCH_PARSE '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 10)) = POWER(2, 10) THEN 'SQL_EXECUTION '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 11)) = POWER(2, 11) THEN 'PLSQL_EXECUTION '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 12)) = POWER(2, 12) THEN 'PLSQL_RPC '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 13)) = POWER(2, 13) THEN 'PLSQL_COMPILATION '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 14)) = POWER(2, 14) THEN 'JAVA_EXECUTION '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 15)) = POWER(2, 15) THEN 'BIND '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 16)) = POWER(2, 16) THEN 'CURSOR_CLOSE '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 17)) = POWER(2, 17) THEN 'SEQUENCE_LOAD '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 18)) = POWER(2, 18) THEN 'INMEMORY_QUERY '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 19)) = POWER(2, 19) THEN 'INMEMORY_POPULATE '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 20)) = POWER(2, 20) THEN 'INMEMORY_PREPOPULATE '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 21)) = POWER(2, 21) THEN 'INMEMORY_REPOPULATE '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 22)) = POWER(2, 22) THEN 'INMEMORY_TREPOPULATE '  END            ||CASE WHEN BITAND(time_model, POWER(2, 23)) = POWER(2, 23) THEN 'TABLESPACE_ENCRYPTION ' END time_model_name --//注意看下划线,cpu消耗集中在PARSE 以及HARD_PARSE上,这也验证我的判断. 3.继续: --//按照链接https://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-3008682/ => 20240311]sql_id=c8s65f1cuhcb1的优化.txt --//应该还有优化空间,尝试看看,不行放弃!! --//像这类硬分析很慢的sql语句如何解决呢,可以使用sql profile来控制减少分析时间. --//参考 https://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2151428/=>[20180302]sql profile能减少分析时间吗? --//注意如果你使用sql profile,一般情况下记录是一些统计信息,并不是执行计划的outline. --//必须使用sql profile交换方法. SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> @ spsw af4692qv1f56q 0 af4692qv1f56q 0 '' true PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. ================================================================================================================================================= if drop or alter sql profile ,run : execute dbms_sqltune.drop_sql_profile(name => 'switch tuning af4692qv1f56q') execute dbms_sqltune.alter_sql_profile(name => 'switch tuning af4692qv1f56q',attribute_name=>'STATUS',value=>'DISABLED') ================================================================================================================================================= --//先禁用sql profile SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> execute dbms_sqltune.alter_sql_profile(name => 'switch tuning af4692qv1f56q',attribute_name=>'STATUS',value=>'DISABLED') PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. $ cat aa.txt alter session set current_schema=PORTAL_PPI; alter session set statistics_level=all; column COLUMN_REF format a20         SELECt D.constraint_type as CONSTRAINT_TYPE, C.COLUMN_NAME, C.position, D.r_constraint_name,                 E.table_name as table_ref, f.column_name as column_ref,                 C.table_name         FROM ALL_CONS_COLUMNS C         inner join ALL_constraints D on D.OWNER = C.OWNER and D.constraint_name = C.constraint_name         left join ALL_constraints E on E.OWNER = D.r_OWNER and E.constraint_name = D.r_constraint_name         left join ALL_cons_columns F on F.OWNER = E.OWNER and F.constraint_name = E.constraint_name and F.position = c.position         WHERE C.OWNER = 'PORTAL_HIS'            and C.table_name = 'DATA_EXCHANGE_FP'            and D.constraint_type <> 'P'         order by d.constraint_name, c.position; alter session set current_schema=SYS ; --//注:适当将SELECT换成小写,做小量修改. SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> @ aa.txt Session altered. Session altered. C COLUMN_NAME            POSITION R_CONSTRAINT_NAME              TABLE_REF                      COLUMN_REF           TABLE_NAME - -------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------------------- ---------- C NO                                                                                                                 DATA_EXCHANGE_FP Elapsed: 00:00:02.30 Session altered. --//可以发现第1次执行需要硬分析总是在2秒上下. SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> execute dbms_sqltune.alter_sql_profile(name => 'switch tuning af4692qv1f56q',attribute_name=>'STATUS',value=>'ENABLED') PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. --//适当修改aa.txt里面的sql语句,就是顺便找一个字符换成小写.我的测试依次将SELECT换成小写,这样sql profile依旧生效. SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> @ aa.txt Session altered. Session altered. C COLUMN_NAME            POSITION R_CONSTRAINT_NAME              TABLE_REF                      COLUMN_REF           TABLE_NAME - -------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------------------- ---------- C NO                                                                                                                 DATA_EXCHANGE_FP Elapsed: 00:00:01.24 Session altered. --//再次小量修改aa.txt SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> @ aa.txt Session altered. Session altered. C COLUMN_NAME            POSITION R_CONSTRAINT_NAME              TABLE_REF                      COLUMN_REF           TABLE_NAME - -------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------------------- ---------- C NO                                                                                                                 DATA_EXCHANGE_FP Elapsed: 00:00:00.92 Session altered. --//可以发现这样第一次执行的硬分析远比原来没有使用sql profile的时间小. --//不做修改: SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> @ aa.txt Session altered. Session altered. C COLUMN_NAME            POSITION R_CONSTRAINT_NAME              TABLE_REF                      COLUMN_REF           TABLE_NAME - -------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------------------- ---------- C NO                                                                                                                 DATA_EXCHANGE_FP Elapsed: 00:00:00.02 Session altered. --//因为语句已经在共享池,做的是软分析,执行很快. --//顺便说一下,该问题也许跟我最近设置一些会话设置cursor_sharing=exact有关,谓词存在to_char函数,并且大量语句使用文字变量. --//等一段时间观察看看. SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> @ sqlhh af4692qv1f56q 4/24 time unit : millisecond BEGIN_INTERVAL_TIME    INST_ID SQL_ID        PLAN_HASH_VALUE EXECUTIONS ELA_MS_PER_EXEC CPU_MS_PER_EXEC ROWS_PER_EXEC LIOS_PER_EXEC BLKRD_PER_EXEC IOW_MS_PER_EXEC  AVG_IOW_MS CLW_MS_PER_EXEC APW_MS_PER_EXEC CCW_MS_PER_EXEC ------------------- ---------- ------------- --------------- ---------- --------------- --------------- ------------- ------------- -------------- --------------- ----------- --------------- --------------- --------------- 2024-04-09 12:00:15          2 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          1             790             765           1.0           265              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 12:00:15          1 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          1               5               5           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 13:00:23          1 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          1               4               4           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 13:00:23          2 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          1             773             641           1.0           265              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 14:00:00          1 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          2               4               5           1.0           209              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 2024-04-09 14:00:00          2 af4692qv1f56q      1518780269          1             884             875           1.0           307              0               0         0.0               0               0               0 6 rows selected. --//下午观察,现在平均8XX毫秒,问题还是在实例2. SYS@127.0.0.1:9014/ywdb> @ dashtop to_char(sample_time,'yyyymmdd'),time_model  sql_id='af4692qv1f56q' &100day     Total   Seconds     AAS %This   TO_CHAR  TIME_MODEL FIRST_SEEN          LAST_SEEN --------- ------- ------- -------- ---------- ------------------- -------------------       180      .0   31%   20240408        144 2024-04-08 00:40:34 2024-04-08 23:18:10       110      .0   19%   20240407        144 2024-04-07 13:33:56 2024-04-07 23:09:44        90      .0   16%   20240329        144 2024-03-29 09:44:09 2024-03-29 23:48:32        70      .0   12%   20240313        144 2024-03-13 10:04:45 2024-03-13 21:12:21        30      .0    5%   20240401        144 2024-04-01 15:31:07 2024-04-01 16:44:27        30      .0    5%   20240409        144 2024-04-09 00:09:17 2024-04-09 13:24:14        20      .0    3%   20240311        144 2024-03-11 20:12:36 2024-03-11 21:53:53        20      .0    3%   20240330        144 2024-03-30 00:48:52 2024-03-30 00:58:55        10      .0    2%   20240331        144 2024-03-31 21:49:00 2024-03-31 21:49:00        10      .0    2%   20240401       1024 2024-04-01 20:51:10 2024-04-01 20:51:10        10      .0    2%   20240409       1024 2024-04-09 09:37:57 2024-04-09 09:37:57 11 rows selected. 4.附上sqlid_fms.sql脚本: $ cat sqlid_fms.sql -- Copyright 2023 lfree. All rights reserved. -- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms and conditions. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- File name:   sqlid_fms.sql -- Purpose:     query sql_id to find  force_matching_signature from gv$sql -- -- Author:      lfree -- -- Usage: --     @ sqlid_fms.sql <sql_id> -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SELECT REPLACE (sql_fulltext, CHR (13), '') c200   FROM gv$sqlarea  WHERE sql_id = '&&1' AND ROWNUM = 1; prompt prompt time unit : microsecond prompt SELECT sql_id      , child_number      , inst_id      , first_load_time      , buffer_gets      , executions      , elapsed_time      , ROUND (elapsed_time / nullif(executions, 0), 2) avg_ela_time          , plan_hash_value, ROUND (buffer_gets / nullif(executions, 0), 2) lios_per_exec          , force_matching_signature   FROM gv$sql  WHERE sql_id = '&&1'  ORDER BY 4 DESC;

相关推荐