跨平台级联dataguard配置

来源：这里教程网时间：2026-03-03 12:12:36 作者：

正式环境中的OA库要从Windows迁移到Linux，但由于数据量比较大，带宽又比较窄，数据泵方式耗时太长，因此打算用DataGuard方式迁移，因此进行了测试。环境主库：OS:Windows VERSION:11.2.0.4 ORACLE_SID:OA DB_NAME:OA DB_UNIQUE_NAME:OA 备库：OS:Windows VERSION:11.2.0.4 ORACLE_SID:OA DB_NAME:OA DB_UNIQUE_NAME:OA_DG 级联备库：OS:Linux VERSION:11.2.0.4 ORACLE_SID:OA DB_NAME:OA DB_UNIQUE_NAME:OA_DG2 1.查看各库平台信息 SQL>select platform_id,platform_name from v$database; 主库与备库相同： PLATFORM_ID PLATFORM_NAME ----------- ---------------------------- 12 Microsoft Windows x86 64-bit 级联备库： PLATFORM_ID PLATFORM_NAME ----------- --------------------------- 13 Linux x86 64-bit 查看兼容表格，可看到当前的平台与Oracle版本是可跨平台搭建DataGuard的，但是要打Patch 13104881(当前版本已打) 2.备库生成pfile，并将pfile、密码文件传输到OA_DG2相关目录下 3.级联备库上修改pfile [oracle@node3 dbs]$ more initOA.ora *. audit_file_dest ='/opt/app/oracle/admin/OA/adump' *.audit_trail='DB' *.compatible='11.2.0.0.0' *. control_files ='/opt/app/oracle/oradata/OA/CONTROL01.CTL','/opt/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/OA/CONTROL02.CTL' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_name='OA' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4102029312 *. db_recovery_file_dest ='/opt/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area' *. db_unique_name ='OA_DG2' *. diagnostic_dest ='/opt/app/oracle' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=OAXDB)' *. fal_client ='OA_DG2' *. fal_server ='OA_DG' *. db_file_name_convert ='C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\OA\','/opt/app/oracle/oradata/OA/','C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\OA\','/opt/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/OA/' *. log_file_name_convert ='C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\OA\','/opt/app/oracle/oradata/OA/' *. log_archive_config ='dg_config=(OA,OA_DG,OA_DG2)' *.log_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/app/oracle/archivelog valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) *.log_archive_format='ARC%S_%R.%T' *.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE' *.nls_territory='CHINA' *.open_cursors=300 *.pga_aggregate_target=428867584 *.processes=150 *.recyclebin='OFF' *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.sga_target=1291845632 *.standby_file_management='AUTO' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' 修改红色字体部分，使其适应当前环境 4.级联备库上创建所需目录 cd $ORACLE_BASE mkdir -p oradata/OA/adump mkdir -p oradata/OA mkdir -p fast_recovery_area/OA 5.添加tns 备库添加级联备库的tns OA_DG2 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.21.74.231)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = oa) ) ) 级联备库添加备库的tns OA_DG = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.21.74.233)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = oa) ) ) 6.修改备库参数，将standby logfile传输到级联备库 SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_3=defer; --暂时关闭 SQL> alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(OA,OA_DG,OA_DG2)'; SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_3='service=OA_DG2 async valid_for=(STANDBY_LOGFILES,STANDBY_ROLE) db_unique_name=OA_DG2' 7.级联备库配置静态监听 [oracle@node3 admin]$ more listener.ora LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.21.74.231)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) SID_LIST_LISTENER= (SID_LIST= (SID_DESC= (SID_NAME = OA) (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/app/oracle/product/11g) (GLOBAL_DBNAME = OA) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /opt/app/oracle 8.使用RMAN的复制功能创建备库： 1)lsnrctl start 2)rman target sys@primary auxiliary sys@standby 3)duplicate target database for standby from active database; 如果报错RMAN-05001: auxiliary file name /opt/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf conflicts with a file used by the target database，则执行duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck; 也可以并行复制以提高性能。需要分派主库和备库多个通道后，再执行复制命令： run { allocate channel chan1 type disk; allocate channel chan2 type disk; allocate channel chan3 type disk; allocate channel chan4 type disk; allocate auxiliary channel aux1 type disk; allocate auxiliary channel aux2 type disk; allocate auxiliary channel aux3 type disk; allocate auxiliary channel aux4 type disk; duplicate target database for standby from active database; } 9.复制完成后，验证级联备库中各文件路径是否正确 SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files; FILE_NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /opt/app/oracle/oradata/OA/USERS01.DBF /opt/app/oracle/oradata/OA/UNDOTBS01.DBF /opt/app/oracle/oradata/OA/SYSAUX01.DBF /opt/app/oracle/oradata/OA/SYSTEM01.DBF SQL> select group#,member from v$logfile; GROUP# TYPE MEMBER ---------- ------ -------------------------------------------------- 3 ONLINE /opt/app/oracle/oradata/OA/REDO03.LOG 2 ONLINE /opt/app/oracle/oradata/OA/REDO02.LOG 1 ONLINE /opt/app/oracle/oradata/OA/REDO01.LOG 4 STANDBY C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\OA\STANDBYREDO04.LOG 5 STANDBY C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\OA\STANDBYREDO05.LOG 6 STANDBY C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\OA\STANDBYREDO06.LOG 7 STANDBY C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\OA\STANDBYREDO07.LOG 7 rows selected. 可看到standby redo的目录不正确(貌似log_file_name_convert对standby log没起作用)，此时可手动删掉standby日志组，再重新添加： SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 4; SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 5; SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 6; SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 7; SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/opt/app/oracle/oradata/OA/STANDBYRD04.LOG') size 50M; SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/opt/app/oracle/oradata/OA/STANDBYRD05.LOG') size 50M; SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/opt/app/oracle/oradata/OA/STANDBYRD06.LOG') size 50M; SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/opt/app/oracle/oradata/OA/STANDBYRD07.LOG') size 50M; 验证完毕后打开备库的传输参数 SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_3_state=enable; 验证传输是否正常，在级联备库执行 SQL> SELECT PROCESS, 2 PID, 3 STATUS, 4 SEQUENCE#, 5 DELAY_MINS 6 FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY; PROCESS PID STATUS SEQUENCE# DELAY_MINS ------------------------------ ---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- ARCH 30382 CLOSING 158 0 ARCH 30384 CLOSING 154 0 ARCH 30386 CONNECTED 0 0 ARCH 30388 CLOSING 155 0 RFS 32195 IDLE 0 0 RFS 32193 IDLE 0 0 RFS 32191 IDLE 0 0 可看到RFS进程已经建立，说明传输没有问题。(如果传输有问题，可结合备库的alert日志进行处理，应该就是密码文件的问题) 10.级联备库启动实时应用 启动日志应用： alter database recover managed standby database disconnect; 这个命令指示备库开始使用归档日志文件进行恢复。待归档日志应用完毕后，启动实时应用： SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel; SQL> alter database open; SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect; - -虽然语句执行后MRP进程启动成功，但验证下来还是没有真正实时应用日志。验证实时应用情况： SQL> SELECT * FROM V$DATAGUARD_STATS; NAME VALUE UNIT TIME_COMPUTED DATUM_TIME ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ transport lag +00 00:05:22 day(2) to second(0) interval 11/01/2018 17:44:19 11/01/2018 17:43:28 apply lag +00 00:05:22 day(2) to second(0) interval 11/01/2018 17:44:19 11/01/2018 17:43:28 apply finish time day(2) to second(3) interval 11/01/2018 17:44:19 estimated startup time 11 second 注意：Oracle 11g的级联备库是不支持实时应用的，要等源库日志切换后才会应用。Oracle 12c的级联备库支持实时应用。