参考文档 http://blog.itpub.net/30126024/viewspace-2144906/ 背景：有一套rac，也配置了dg，现在想通过rac的备份在一台单机上恢复，单机上装了同版本数据库，只是装了软件，没有建库。 1、RAC主库备份
RMAN> backup database format '/home/oracle/rmanbackup/full_%U.bak' plus archivelog format '/home/oracle/rmanbackup/arch_%U.bak';
2、把主库备份拷贝到单机的目录/home/oracle/rmanbackup/ 3、rac通过spfile创建pfile，传到单机并修改相应的参数。
SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/rmanbackup/initprod1.ora' from spfile;
修改前rac导出来的pfile
[oracle@rac1:/home/oracle/rmanbackup]$cat initprod1.ora prod2.__db_cache_size=1778384896 prod1.__db_cache_size=1778384896 prod2.__java_pool_size=16777216 prod1.__java_pool_size=16777216 prod2.__large_pool_size=33554432 prod1.__large_pool_size=33554432 prod1.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment prod2.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment prod2.__pga_aggregate_target=1577058304 prod1.__pga_aggregate_target=1577058304 prod2.__sga_target=2348810240 prod1.__sga_target=2348810240 prod2.__shared_io_pool_size=0 prod1.__shared_io_pool_size=0 prod2.__shared_pool_size=486539264 prod1.__shared_pool_size=486539264 prod2.__streams_pool_size=0 prod1.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/prod/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.cluster_database=true *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0' *.control_files='+DATADG01/prod/controlfile/current.260.1083328405','+DATADG02/prod/controlfile/current.256.1083328405' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_create_file_dest='+DATADG01' *.db_create_online_log_dest_1='+DATADG01' *.db_create_online_log_dest_2='+DATADG02' *.db_domain='' *.db_file_name_convert='+DATADG01/','+DATADG01/','+DATADG02/','+DATADG02/' *.db_name='prod' *.db_recovery_file_dest='+ARCHDG01' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4621074432 *.db_unique_name='prod' *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=prodXDB)' *.fal_client='tns_primary' *.fal_server='tns_standby' prod1.instance_number=1 prod2.instance_number=2 *.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(prod,prodstd)' *.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=+ARCHDG01/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=prod' *.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=tns_standby LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=prodstd' *.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc' *.log_archive_max_processes=8 *.log_file_name_convert='+DATADG01/','+DATADG01/','+DATADG02/','+DATADG02/' *.memory_target=3922722816 *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=1000 *.remote_listener='cluster-scan:1521' *.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive' *.sessions=1105 *.standby_file_management='AUTO' prod2.thread=2 prod1.thread=1 prod2.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2' prod1.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
修改后为，放到单机的$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/目录下
[oracle@dbserver dbs]$ cat initprod1.ora *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/prod/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0' *.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_create_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/' *.db_create_online_log_dest_1='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/' *.db_create_online_log_dest_2='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/' *.db_domain='' *.db_file_name_convert='+DATADG01/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/','+DATADG02/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/' *.db_name='prod' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4621074432 *.db_unique_name='prod' *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=prod1XDB)' *.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/' *.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc' *.log_archive_max_processes=8 *.log_file_name_convert='+DATADG01/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/','+ARCHDG/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/','+DATADG02/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/' *.memory_target=3922722816 *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=1000 *.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive' *.sessions=1105
注意几个点*.control_files=' /u01/app/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/control02.ctl'*.db_create_file_dest=' /u01/app/oracle/oradata/'*.db_create_online_log_dest_1=' /u01/app/oracle/oradata/'*.db_create_online_log_dest_2=' /u01/app/oracle/oradata/'*.db_file_name_convert='+DATADG01/',' /u01/app/oracle/oradata/','+DATADG02/',' /u01/app/oracle/oradata/'*.db_recovery_file_dest=' /u01/app/oracle/oradata/'*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=prod 1XDB)'*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION= /u01/app/oracle/oradata/'*.log_file_name_convert='+DATADG01/',' /u01/app/oracle/oradata/','+DATADG02/',' /u01/app/oracle/oradata/' db_file_name_convert， log_file_name_convert可以不配置，rman恢复的时候指定，参考文章头部给的链接。 4、确保参数中的目录在单机中存在且可访问
[oracle@dbserver dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/prod/adump [oracle@dbserver dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/
5、单机创建密码文件
orapwd file=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwprod1 password=oracle entries=10
6、单机通过pfile启动到nomount状态，并通过pfile创建spfile，并从spfile重新启动到nomount。 7、单机rman恢复拷贝过来的控制文件,并catalog所有拷贝过来的文件
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/rmanbackup/full_0j0a1s6a_1_1.bak'; Starting restore at 2021-09-26 15:58:10 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=771 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/control02.ctl Finished restore at 2021-09-26 15:58:12
切换到mount状态，catalog所有拷贝过来的文件
RMAN> alter database mount; RMAN> catalog start with '/home/oracle/rmanbackup/';
查看拥有的备份。
RMAN> list backup; List of Backup Sets =================== BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ------------------- 1 Incr 0 1.10G DISK 00:00:07 2021-09-26 09:03:06 BP Key: 1 Status: EXPIRED Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210926T090259 Piece Name: /home/oracle/rmanbackup/orcl_full_0e0a15m3_1_1 List of Datafiles in backup set 1 File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ---- 1 0 Incr 1161718 2021-09-26 09:02:59 +DATADG01/prod/datafile/system.256.1083328327 2 0 Incr 1161718 2021-09-26 09:02:59 +DATADG01/prod/datafile/sysaux.257.1083328327 3 0 Incr 1161718 2021-09-26 09:02:59 +DATADG01/prod/datafile/undotbs1.258.1083328327 4 0 Incr 1161718 2021-09-26 09:02:59 +DATADG01/prod/datafile/users.259.1083328327 5 0 Incr 1161718 2021-09-26 09:02:59 +DATADG01/prod/datafile/example.264.1083328433 6 0 Incr 1161718 2021-09-26 09:02:59 +DATADG01/prod/datafile/undotbs2.265.1083328627 7 0 Incr 1161718 2021-09-26 09:02:59 +DATADG01/prod/datafile/gac.277.1084032029 8 0 Incr 1161718 2021-09-26 09:02:59 +DATADG02/prod/datafile/haifeng.269.1084032067 9 0 Incr 1161718 2021-09-26 09:02:59 +DATADG02/prod/datafile/shaot.270.1084035817 10 0 Incr 1161718 2021-09-26 09:02:59 +DATADG01/prod/datafile/test.278.1084036129 BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ------------------- 2 Incr 0 17.98M DISK 00:00:02 2021-09-26 09:03:16 BP Key: 2 Status: EXPIRED Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210926T090259 Piece Name: /home/oracle/rmanbackup/orcl_full_0f0a15mi_1_1 SPFILE Included: Modification time: 2021-09-26 08:56:41 SPFILE db_unique_name: PROD Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1161739 Ckp time: 2021-09-26 09:03:14
注意到，识别的控制文件里面记载的目录还是在asm中，但是我们spfile里面的参数已经配置了转换，所以可以直接恢复数据库。
RMAN> restore database; Starting restore at 2021-09-26 16:03:12 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to +DATADG01/prod/datafile/system.256.1083328327 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to +DATADG01/prod/datafile/sysaux.257.1083328327 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to +DATADG01/prod/datafile/undotbs1.258.1083328327 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to +DATADG01/prod/datafile/users.259.1083328327 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to +DATADG01/prod/datafile/example.264.1083328433 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to +DATADG01/prod/datafile/undotbs2.265.1083328627 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to +DATADG01/prod/datafile/gac.277.1084032029 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00008 to +DATADG02/prod/datafile/haifeng.269.1084032067 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00009 to +DATADG02/prod/datafile/shaot.270.1084035817 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00010 to +DATADG01/prod/datafile/test.278.1084036129 channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/rmanbackup/full_0i0a1s5q_1_1.bak channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/rmanbackup/full_0i0a1s5q_1_1.bak tag=TAG20210926T152650 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:36 Finished restore at 2021-09-26 16:03:48 RMAN>
文件就会自动转换。
RMAN> recover database;
8、打开数据库，查询，发现文件已经自动转化了。
SQL> alter database open resetlogs; SQL> select name from v$datafile; NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/datafile/o1_mf_system_jo0c4fkn_.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_jo0c4fkq_.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_jo0c4fl5_.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/datafile/o1_mf_users_jo0c4h5n_.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/datafile/o1_mf_example_jo0c4fks_.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs2_jo0c4gmt_.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/datafile/o1_mf_gac_jo0c4fkv_.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/datafile/o1_mf_haifeng_jo0c4fkx_.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/datafile/o1_mf_shaot_jo0c4fl0_.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/datafile/o1_mf_test_jo0c4fl2_.dbf 10 rows selected.
