RMAN数据库恢复异常报错ORA-01180

数据库rman备份恢复至单机时正常，恢复至rac时出现报错ORA-01180: can not create datafile 1

由于在单机恢复正常，rac恢复异常，该问题非备份片导致

在MOS上查询发现存在该问题

https://support.oracle.com/epmos/faces/DocumentDisplay?_afrLoop=168311020519472&id=1265151.1&displayIndex=2&_afrWindowMode=0&_adf.ctrl-state=i14zgmmi9_88#SYMPTOM

解决方法：需要通过备份片的SCN信息和和list incarnation of database;的SCN对比,找到正确的incarnation 并使用reset database to incarnation xx; 重置incarnation。 也可以检查是不是老的归档没有清理干净

APPLIES TO:

Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 9.2.0.1 and later

Oracle Database Cloud Schema Service - Version N/A and later

Oracle Database Exadata Cloud Machine - Version N/A and later

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure - Database Service - Version N/A and later

Oracle Database Cloud Exadata Service - Version N/A and later

Information in this document applies to any platform.

SYMPTOMS

RMAN restore fails with errors like the following:

creating datafile fno=1 name=/<path>/system01.dbfRMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 01/01/2010 00:00:01ORA-01180: can not create datafile 1ORA-01110: data file 1: '/<path>/system01.dbf'

This error can happen for any datafiles. However, it is a major concern if it is datafile 1. Datafile 1 is the system datafile. It cannot be CREATED during an RMAN restore. It must RESTORED from a backup. Therefore we must look to see why it cannot be restored in the first place.

Often the  error is not a problem with RMAN unable to write to the destination drive as one might think by looking at the error message "can not create datafile 1".

CAUSE

There are no backups available for use

OR

The current incarnation is not set correctly

SOLUTION

Check the database's incarnation and observe the backup time. Do you have available backups to use? Is the incarnation set correctly?

Confirm that the incarnation and backup:

RMAN> list incarnation of database;RMAN> list backup of datafile 1;RMAN> list copy of datafile 1;RMAN> list backup summary;

1) Are the backups available for use?

RMAN> list backup of datafile 1;List of Backup Sets===================BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time     ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------------138     Full    531.25M    DISK        00:00:00     13 FEB 2015 14:31:35        BP Key: 136    Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20150213T143135        Piece Name: /opt/app/oracle/fra/<SID>/backupset/2015_02_13/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150213T143135_bftw0r14_.bkp  List of Datafiles in backup set 138  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time             Name  ---- -- ---- ---------- -------------------- ----  1       Full 25207062   13 FEB 2015 14:31:35 /opt/app/oracle/oradata/<SID>/system01.dbf

Instead the error is lack of backup (level 0, full or copy) of the datafile. If the backup is in status EXPIRED, then run crosscheck on the backup set key to see if it still exists:

RMAN> crosscheck backupset 138;

If found, the status will be updated to AVAILABLE.If the status is still EXPIRED after running crosscheck then the backup you need no longer physically exists.

2) Check the CURRENT Incarnation

If a backup is Available for use, but the restore still fails, then check the incarnation. Has it been set correctly?

Consider the following:

RMAN> list backup of datafile 1;List of Backup Sets===================BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time     ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------------138     Full    531.25M    DISK        00:00:00     13 FEB 2015 14:31:35        BP Key: 136   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20150213T143135        Piece Name: /opt/app/oracle/fra/<SID>/backupset/2015_02_13/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150213T143135_bftw0r14_.bkp  List of Datafiles in backup set 138  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time             Name  ---- -- ---- ---------- -------------------- ----  1       Full 25207062   13 FEB 2015 14:31:35 /opt/app/oracle/oradata/<SID>/system01.dbfBS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time     ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------------139     Full    531.32M    DISK        00:00:00     13 FEB 2015 14:09:34        BP Key: 137   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag:  TAG20150213T140934        Piece Name: /opt/app/oracle/fra/<SID>/backupset/2015_02_13/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150213T140934_bfttqhh6_.bkp  List of Datafiles in backup set 139  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time             Name  ---- -- ---- ---------- -------------------- ----  1       Full 25206825    13 FEB 2015 14:09:34 /opt/app/oracle/oradata/<SID>/system01.dbf

RMAN> list incarnation of database;List of Database IncarnationsDB Key  Inc Key DB Name  DB ID            STATUS  Reset SCN  Reset Time------- ------- -------- ---------------- --- ---------- ----------1       1       <SID>   400119926        CURRENT 1          19 MAR 2012 15:29:582       2       <SID>   400119926        ORPHAN  5766931    04 OCT 2012 15:37:513       3       <SID>   400119926        ORPHAN  5768164    16 OCT 2012 15:33:09...9       9       <SID>   400119926        ORPHAN  25204629   13 FEB 2015 13:03:5510      10      <SID>   400119926        ORPHAN  25205038   13 FEB 2015 13:35:57 11      11      <SID>   400119926        ORPHAN  25206695   13 FEB 2015 14:09:0713      13      <SID>   400119926        ORPHAN  25206882   13 FEB 2015 14:16:2414      14      <SID>   400119926        ORPHAN  25206882   13 FEB 2015 14:43:3212      12      <SID>   400119926        ORPHAN  25206883   13 FEB 2015 14:30:54

To restore backup tag taken on 13 FEB 2015 14:09:34, (TAG20150213T140934), you must reset the incarnation to 11 before performing the the restore.

RMAN> reset database to incarnation 11;